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All Journal International Journal of Educational Innovation and Research Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education
Das, Tapash
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Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Gender Stereotypes and Bias in Imagery Depiction of Textbooks prescribed by West Bengal Board of Primary Education, India Nandi, Ankur; Halder, Tarini; Das, Tapash
Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Papanda Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/jirpe.v3i2.755

Abstract

India is a diverse country. Ethnic, Linguistic, Racial, Gender, and Socio-Religious, etc. diversity is observed in India. Educational institutions play a vital role in socializing children and creating gender-friendly attitudes. Textbooks serve as a vehicle for social change. From childhood in school through textbooks and classroom experiences students embrace gender socialization, societal norms, and beliefs, gender roles, inequality, and bias. So, it is very important to make textbooks gender-neutral, to do this, textbook analysis is required. This study investigates the images used in textbooks of primary education in West Bengal, India, to examine gender stereotypes and bias. The study adopted qualitative and documentary research approaches through content analysis. The findings demonstrate that gender patriarchy and bias are reflected through visual imagery in textbooks. Images often lack representation of women and tend to portray them engaging in indoor tasks such as domestic and household work, or menial labor. Meanwhile, men are predominantly shown in outdoor, professional, and leadership roles, reinforcing gender disparities in identity and societal roles. There is a limited attempt to showcase gender neutrality, and there's minimal encouragement for gender reflection, hindering the development of sustainable perceptions of gender roles in Indian society. The findings of the study provide a foundation for policy changes at the state or national level to ensure the development and implementation of guidelines that promote gender-neutral content in educational materials and are useful for textbook development agencies, textbook writers, and teachers in developing a gender-sensitive curriculum, and textbooks.
Gender Stereotypes and Bias as Depicted in STEM Textbooks of School Education: Insight from Systematic Literature Review Nandi, Ankur; Hader, Tarini; Das, Tapash
International Journal of Educational Innovation and Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31949/ijeir.v4i1.11008

Abstract

STEM education is vital for fostering creativity and critical thinking among students. Researching gender bias in STEM textbooks is crucial as these materials significantly influence students’ perceptions of gender roles, career aspirations, and cultural beliefs, potentially perpetuating inequalities in STEM fields. This review paper examines five aspects of gender portrayal in STEM textbooks: (i) language and terminology, (ii) visual representation, (iii) professional and occupational roles, (iv) games and leisure activities, and (v) cultural and regional differences. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, the study analyzed 39 selected papers from databases like Web of Science, Scopus, Springer Link, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and ERIC, spanning 2004 to 2024. The findings highlight a dominant male presence in leadership roles and adventurous activities, while females are underrepresented or confined to passive and domestic settings. Female achievements are often minimized across cultures and regions. These insights offer valuable guidance for textbook developers, authors, and educators to design gender-sensitive curricula and educational materials. Future research could explore the long-term impact of such biases on students’ career choices and societal attitudes.
Gender Roles and Identity in Visual Representations of Primary Education Textbooks in West Bengal and Bangladesh Nandi, Ankur; Hader, Tarini; Das, Tapash
EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education
Publisher : EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education Published by Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/educare.v6i1.350

Abstract

Textbooks serve as a vehicle for social change. From childhood in school through textbooks and classroom experiences students embrace gender socialization, societal norms, and beliefs, gender roles, inequality, and bias. So, it is very important to make textbooks gender-neutral, to do this, textbook analysis is required. This study investigates the images used in textbooks of primary education in West Bengal and national curriculum and textbook Board, Govt. of Bangladesh, to examine gender stereotypes and bias. The study adopted qualitative and documentary research approaches through content analysis. The findings demonstrate that gender patriarchy and bias are reflected through visual imagery in textbooks. Images often lack representation of women and tend to portray them engaging in indoor tasks such as domestic and household work, or menial labor. Meanwhile, men are predominantly shown in outdoor, professional, and leadership roles, reinforcing gender disparities in identity and societal roles. There is a limited attempt to showcase gender neutrality in primary-level language textbooks in West Bengal and Bangladesh, and there's minimal encouragement for gender reflection, hindering the development of sustainable perceptions of gender roles in society. The findings of the study provide a foundation for policy changes at the state or national level to ensure the development and implementation of guidelines that promote gender-neutral content in educational materials and are useful for textbook development agencies, textbook writers, and teachers in developing a gender-sensitive curriculum, and textbooks.
Co-Authors Hader, Tarini Halder, Tarini Nandi, Ankur