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Onwuka, Osah Martins
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Comparative Effects of Ripe and Unripe Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) on Spermatozoa and Gonadosomatic Index in Matured Male Wistar Rats Ogbonnaya, Obioma; Nwankwo, Azubuike; Ifenkwe, Daniel Chidi; Ibe, Chikera Samuel; Ikpegbu, Ekele; Onwuka, Osah Martins
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.109-119

Abstract

To ascertain the comparative effects of ripe and unripe Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) on spermatozoa and gonadosomatic index evaluation in matured male Wistar rats; exploring the idea that both ripe and unripe Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) might or might not positively affect semen quality, crucial for male fertility. Twenty-eight (28) sexually mature male Wister rats, aged 9–10 weeks and weighing between 211.50g and 217.00g, were divided equally into seven groups (1 to 7); with Group 1 serving as the control and Groups 2 to 7 receiving 25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations of ripe lime juice (RLJ) and unripe lime juice (ULJ) respectively. The findings indicated that ULJ had a higher concentration (0.1mg/ml) compared to ripe lime RLJ at 0.08mg/ml, although both had approximately the same LD50 value of 1581.138mg/kg. RLJ, at different concentrations, adversely impacted the reproductive performance of rats, leading to decreased progressive motility, livability, sperm count, testicular size, and sexual drive. However, ULJ did not exhibit these effects. A 75% concentration of RLJ showed anti-prostatic activity, causing a reduction in prostate size, which was more pronounced than that of the same ULJ concentration. Importantly, both RLJ and ULJ did not have a significant impact on the sizes of the liver, spleen, heart, kidneys, and lungs, with these visceral organs maintaining normal sizes comparable to the control group (statistically, p>0.05).The findings suggest that RLJ or ULJ consumption, particularly at the highest concentration, may lead to alterations in reproductive performance, hence such consumption should be discouraged.
Modulatory Efficiency of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) on Collagen-Induced Platelet Aggregation and Dysfunction Onwuka, Osah Martins; Adigwe, Chukwukadibie; Adheke, Oghenefego Michael; Elem, Chamberlin Jamike; Hart, Josiah Soipiriala
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.609-615

Abstract

Platelet aggregation, coagulation, and activation are crucial for hemostasis. Collagen treatment can impair hemostatic processes leading to bleeding disorders like thrombosis; vitamin C may mitigate these effects.  Hence, modulatory efficiency of vitamin C on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and dysfunction was investigated. Thirty (30) Wistar rats (135g-155g) were divided equally into; Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (Collagen-induced), and Group 3 (Collagen + Vitamin C treated). Platelet aggregation, prothrombin time, bleeding time, fibrinogen levels assessed coagulation and platelet function. Thromboxane B2 and P-selectin levels measured platelet and endothelial activation. Platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) evaluated platelet production and size variability. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Group 2 exhibited higher platelet aggregation, prolonged prothrombin and bleeding times and elevated fibrinogen, thromboxane B2, and P-selectin levels, along with increased platelet count, MPV, PDW, and PCT, compared to Group 1. Group 3 showed significant reductions in all these parameters compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05). Vitamin C demonstrated significant modulatory effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and dysfunction which suggests that vitamin C may have therapeutic potential in mitigating platelet dysfunction and coagulation impairments associated with collagen-induced pathophysiological conditions.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Miira-Cell, a Novel Nutraceutical, in Reducing High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia in Wistar Rats Ugwu, Chioma Cordelia; Ezeadichie, Stanley Obinna; Nnamani, Okey John; Onwuka, Osah Martins; Adilieje, Chioma Marylyn
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.53-59

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, often exacerbated by high-fat diets. Miira-Cell, a novel nutraceutical, has been developed to address this issue. This study evaluates the efficacy of Miira-Cell in mitigating hypercholesterolemia induced by high-fat diet in Wistar rats. Acute toxicity testing showed that Miira-Cell was safe, with an LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into six groups: normal control, high-fat diet control, and three groups receiving high-fat diets supplemented with low, medium, and high doses of Miira-Cell, respectively. A sixth group received Rosuvastatin as a positive control. After a 14-day treatment period following a 21-day high-fat diet, lipid profiles, liver biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and cardiac tissue histopathology were assessed. The results showed that Miira-Cell significantly reduced triglycerides, VLDL, and total cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner, similar to Rosuvastatin. Both Miira-Cell and Rosuvastatin also lowered LDL levels. However, all treatment groups showed decreased HDL levels, which may indicate potential effects on HDL metabolism. Miira-Cell demonstrated hepatoprotective properties by reducing liver enzyme levels and oxidative stress. Histopathological analysis revealed tissue damage in the negative control group, while tissue integrity was preserved in Miira-Cell and Rosuvastatin-treated groups. In conclusion, Miira-Cell shows potential as a therapeutic agent for hypercholesterolemia and associated liver diseases, although further research is necessary to elucidate its mechanisms and clinical applicability.
Co-Authors Adheke, Oghenefego Michael Adigwe, Chukwukadibie Adilieje, Chioma Marylyn Elem, Chamberlin Jamike Ezeadichie, Stanley Obinna Hart, Josiah Soipiriala Ibe, Chikera Samuel Ifenkwe, Daniel Chidi Ikpegbu, Ekele Nnamani, Okey John Nwankwo, Azubuike Ogbonnaya, Obioma Ugwu, Chioma Cordelia