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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
Dhandapani, Lakshmi
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Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Dual axis solar tracking system for agriculture applications using machine learning Somasundaram, Deepa; Dhandapani, Lakshmi; Kathirvel, Jayashree; Sagayaraj, Marlin; Jagadeesan, Vijay Anand
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 15, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i1.pp631-638

Abstract

The three most basic amenities required for human survival are food, shelter and clothing. In today's tech-savvy generation, these have experienced a great deal of scientific advancement. Unfortunately, agriculture is still more man power-oriented. So they have to rely on the hit and trial method to learn from experience which leads to waste of time. In proposed work includes an automated system using dual axis solar tracking system and gives crop recommendation for different types of soil to yield maximum. The suggested system is a dual-axis solar tracker based on machine learning that is intended to considerably increase the effectiveness of energy harvesting. The approach makes use of the logistic regression algorithm (LR) to do this. This novel strategy tries to maximize the solar panel's ability to produce energy, leading to increased energy yields. The quality of soil is predicted by using suitable sensors for crop recommendation. The data’s are temperature, humidity, pH of soil, nitrogen, phosphorous & potassium in soil and rainfall in soil are considered. For crop recommendation six algorithms- SVM, KNN, Native Bays, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree classifier, Random Forest Classifier are applied and tested. It is found that random forest classifier gave us excellent results.
Improved load frequency control in dual-area hybrid renewable power systems utilizing PID controllers optimized by the salp swarm algorithm Sreenivasan, Pushpa; Dhandapani, Lakshmi; Natarajan, Shanthi; Adaikalam, Arul Doss; Sivakumar, Amudhapriya
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 15, No 3: September 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i3.pp1711-1718

Abstract

In this study, we utilize the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to optimize proportional integral derivative (PID) controller gains for load frequency control (LFC) in a multi-area hybrid renewable nonlinear power system. Incorporating generation rate constraints and dead-bands into the governor model, we examine system nonlinearities. Performance evaluation employs both single- and multi-objective functions, with actual sun irradiation data validating SSA-PID controllers' efficacy in managing renewable energy source uncertainties. Comparing with alternative optimization techniques across various operational scenarios reveals the SSA-PID controller's 15% improvement in dynamic response time. The findings suggest SSA enhances LFC dynamic response in hybrid renewable power systems, with potential generalizability. These results underscore SSA's utility in addressing system complexities, offering implications for improved stability and efficiency across renewable energy integration scenarios.
Enhancing voltage stability in active distribution networks through solar PV integration Dhandapani, Lakshmi; Sreenivasan, Pushpa; Murugan, Sangeetha; Maria, Helaria; Banerjee, Sudipta
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 2: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1137-1146

Abstract

Solar PV's explosive expansion is changing distribution networks and posing new problems, such as bidirectional power flow, unstable voltage, and power quality problems, particularly in networks with low X/R ratios. Abrupt changes in voltage are difficult for conventional voltage control techniques like shunt capacitors and on-load tap changers (OLTCs) to handle. IEEE Standard 1,547 has little efficacy in such networks, despite the fact that PV inverters may provide reactive power. This paper suggests a real-time coordinated control approach to improve voltage regulation by combining PV inverters, OLTC, and battery energy storage systems (BESS). Reactive power from PV inverters is prioritized to lower operational expenses and reliance on BESS. Better voltage stability, a decrease in BESS energy processing from 9400.3 kWh to 1701.87 kWh, and a reduction in OLTC activities are the outcomes. Rural networks gain from the strategy's ability to support smaller, more affordable BESS units’ voltage sensitivity analysis, and ideal BESS sizing may be investigated in future studies.
Artificial raindrop algorithm for control of frequency in a networked power system Dhandapani, Lakshmi; Sreenivasan, Pushpa; Batumalay, Malathy
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 2: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1116-1123

Abstract

Load frequency control (LFC) evaluates the net changes in generation by continuously monitoring tie-line flows and system frequency required relying on load changes. It adjusts generator set points to minimize the area control error's (ACE) time-averaged value. ACE is regarded as a controlled output of LFC. Previous research focused on customary power systems like hydro-hydro, thermal-thermal, and hydro-thermal configurations. This current development study introduces the hybrid PV and dual thermal system interconnected systems for LFC analysis. The research evaluates LFC performance with different controllers, considering parameters such as maximum peak overshoot (Mp), maximum undershoot (Mu), settling time (Ts), and peak time (Tp). Controllers, including proportional integral (PI), anti-windup PI, fuzzy gain scheduling PI, and A cutting-edge algorithm generating fake raindrops are used for minimize ACE. The analysis introduces various load perturbations to observe controller performance in interconnected power systems. Both PV-thermal-thermal and thermal-thermal-thermal systems exemplify innovative approaches to energy management that bolster energy efficiency and sustainability. By integrating these advanced systems, we can make significant strides towards achieving global sustainability goals and promoting a cleaner and support energy efficiency for the future.
Step size variability with high performance solar-wind grid integration using MPPT algorithm Dhandapani, Lakshmi; Sreenivasan, Pushpa; Batumalay, Malathy
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 4: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2655-2664

Abstract

This paper proposes a high-efficiency maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on a variable step size control technique for standalone hybrid solar-wind energy systems. Unlike conventional approaches that utilize separate MPPT controllers for photovoltaic (PV) and wind systems, the proposed method integrates a single adaptive control strategy that simultaneously optimizes power extraction from both renewable sources. The algorithm dynamically adjusts the step size according to environmental variations, improving convergence speed and tracking accuracy. The system is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, incorporating a 500 W solar PV system and a 560 W wind turbine, both interfaced through traditional boost converters. To validate the performance, simulations are conducted under varying solar irradiance levels (600 W/m², 800 W/m², and 1000 W/m²) and wind speeds (8 m/s, 10 m/s, and 12 m/s). Results indicate that the PV output power increases from 288.8 W to 513 W with rising irradiance, while the wind output improves from 301.4 W to 439.3 W with increasing wind speed. The combined hybrid system achieves total output powers of 557.35 W, 691.74 W, and 807.12 W across three operating intervals. These findings confirm that the proposed variable step size MPPT algorithm significantly enhances energy harvesting efficiency and system performance under dynamic environmental conditions.
Co-Authors Adaikalam, Arul Doss Banerjee, Sudipta Batumalay, Malathy Jagadeesan, Vijay Anand Kathirvel, Jayashree Maria, Helaria Murugan, Sangeetha Natarajan, Shanthi Sagayaraj, Marlin Sivakumar, Amudhapriya Somasundaram, Deepa Sreenivasan, Pushpa