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All Journal JENIUS: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Industri Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik (JUIT)
Stephanus Benedictus Bera Liwun
Unknown Affiliation
Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Preliminary study of reverse supply chain development in Indonesia Maulida Boru Butar Butar; Stephanus Benedictus Bera Liwun
JENIUS : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Industri Vol 4 No 1 (2023): JENIUS: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Industri
Publisher : LPPMPK - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jenius.v4i1.473

Abstract

As a developing country, Indonesia is experiencing various advances, including in the industrial sector. A supply chain is a science that has long been studied and explored by many academics and practitioners. That part of the supply chain referred to as the opposite is the reverse supply chain or what is widely known as the Reverse Supply Chain (RSC). This article will present preliminary studies about RSC development in Indonesia. RSC in Indonesia particularly has been studied by a lot of researchers. However, most discussions are limited to reverse logistics and waste management. An explanation of the existing RSC in Indonesia will be discussed and provided. In Indonesia, most RSC activities happen in small and medium companies that have yet to gain experience or knowledge that they have been practicing RSC. The people's purchasing power which is still quite low has made small and medium industries in the refurbished sector grow rapidly. This paper will explain what a reverse supply chain is and how the development of this study is based on the existing literature. It is also a discussion of how the reverse supply chain application in Indonesia and what steps can be taken to improve the performance of the reverse supply chain in Indonesia
Closed Loop: Integrated Water, Nutrient, and Energy Recovery Systems for Sustainable Dairy Production (Case: Dairy Farming) Stephanus Benedictus Bera Liwun
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Januari: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik
Publisher : Asosiasi Dosen Muda Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56127/juit.v5i1.2400

Abstract

The dairy industry is very important to the economy, but it has big problems with sustainability since it doesn't use resources well and doesn't handle waste well. Eco-Efficiency (13.1%) and Technical Efficiency (58.7%) are still very low in Serbia because of ongoing structural inefficiencies. In Indonesia, where 90% of dairy farms are operated by smallholders, an estimated 84% of manure is discharged untreated, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and eutrophication. To solve these problems, we need to use Circular Economy ideas, such as closed-loop nutrient, energy, and water flows and integrated resource recovery. This review evaluates opportunities, sustainability gains, and barriers to implementing closed-loop systems across the dairy supply chain. The objectives include assessing farm-level efficiency, quantifying environmental and economic benefits of manure-derived resource recovery, evaluating circular feed substitution, and analysing biogas adoption barriers among smallholders. The research integrates findings from Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Life Cycle Assessment and Costing, Multi-regional Input–Output analysis, membrane-based water reuse models, and system dynamics, complemented by qualitative surveys of Indonesian farmers. Integrated recovery systems yielded carbon-negative results (up to –1790 kg CO₂ eq/year) and significant economic advantages ($825–$1,056/year). Biogas cut down on the consumption of LPG by about 45%. Circular feeds made more milk and had less of an effect, while treating whey membranes slashed the need for fresh water by 67–90%. Closed-loop solutions make dairy farming much more sustainable, but they need help from policymakers to be able to grow because of high investment costs and ongoing structural inefficiencies.
Co-Authors Maulida Boru Butar Butar