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Relationship between blood lead (Pb) concentration with risk of diabetes mellitus in women living in mining area Luthviatin, Novia; Setiani, Onny; Widjarnarko, Bagoes; Rahfiludin, Mohammad Z.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.704

Abstract

Diabetes is a global health concern with significant implications for individuals and societies. Diabetes results from a complex interaction between genes and environmental factors, including metal exposure. Lead or plumbum (Pb) is a heavy metal pollutant and is predicted to be associated with the morbidity of diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between blood Pb level and possible risk factors (body mass index insulin resistance, carbohydrate intake, sugar intake, and physical activity) with fasting blood sugar (FBS) level in women living in the mining area. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a mining area of Indonesia located in Pemali District, Bangka Belitung Regency, involving women aged 30–49, selected through purposive sampling. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the risk factors and FBS level, while the Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlations between the risk factors and FBS level. Our data indicated that blood Pb concentration and other risk factors (carbohydrate intake, sugar intake and physical activity) were neither associated nor correlated with FBS level. However, as predicted, insulin resistance was associated with FBS level with OR: 9.66; 95%CI: 1.13–82.29; p=0.038. In addition, the Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score was also correlated with FBS level (r=0.316, p=0.002). This study highlights the level of Pb is not associated with the risk of diabetes in women living in mining area.
Assessing Interventions for Declining Childhood Immunization Dropout - A Systematic Review Jaleha, Jaleha; Widjarnarko, Bagoes; Susanto, Henry Setyawan; Margawati, Ani; Hadisaputro, Suharyo; Hikmah, Kholisotul
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN Vol 21 No 3 (2023): JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN
Publisher : Research and Community Service Unit, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31965/infokes.Vol21.Iss3.1271

Abstract

Childhood routine immunization is a critical stage to ensure the health of infants and protect against serious diseases. Therefore, adequate strategies are urgently needed to increase childhood immunization coverage to prevent global disease and death. This review has identified the effect of interventions to increase immunization coverage among children in developing countries. A review included published studies from 2013 to 2023 on randomized controlled trials (RCT) and pre-post intervention that met eligible criteria. All included studies had been conducted in English-published articles on Pub Med and Google Scholar, without being limited to geographical sites. A total of 1107 published articles were accessed and 12 final eligible articles were reviewed. 66.67% of the included studies were conducted in Africa, 16.67% in South East Asia countries, and others were conducted in East Asia and America. These studies demonstrated that different interventions (SMS and call reminders, sticker reminders, immunization education, home-based records, and community-centered) had significant increases in immunization coverage for childhood compared to the control group with standard care or without any interventions. The present findings suggest that interventions including implementing SMS and call reminders, sticker reminders, education both from health workers and local leaders, and home-based records can potentially reduce immunization dropout. However, strategies to improve coverage for immunization uptake should also be considered preferred community-based to extend the marginal groups.