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Tanuwihardja, Benjamin J.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Smoking, COPD, Infection, and Lung Cancer: How are They Interconnected? Tanuwihardja, Benjamin J.
MEDICINUS Vol. 33 No. 1 (2020): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (855.169 KB) | DOI: 10.56951/medicinus.v33i1.3

Abstract

A case of an elderly ex-smoker chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as comorbid was followed-up for 10 years. His stable COPD in the course of time slowly declined to multiple acute exacerbation (AE)-COPD and multiple hospital admissions. High-dose systemic corticosteroids given during AE-COPD with prolonged oral steroids continuation led to depressed immunity that ended with severe immunosuppression, causing sepsis and chronic heart failure (CHF) with non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and worsening of COPD in his ninth year follow-up. This immunosuppression also triggered the emergence of lung cancer by allowing malignant cell to evade immune surveillance. Fortunately patient is survived and recovered to stable COPD.
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