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All Journal Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Proceeding International Conference on Islamic Economics Community Services
Syamsinar, Anita
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Religion Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Other

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The Difference of Illumination Characteristics of the Sharaf al-Anām in British Library and Leiden University Library Syamsinar, Anita; Yasmin, Nabila
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v13i1.748

Abstract

Sḥaraf al-Anām is a prominent mawlīd text traditionally recited during the commemoration of Prophet Muhammad’s birth. This text enjoys widespread composition and utilization across the Muslim world, including Southeast Asia. The manuscript of Sḥaraf al-Anām is typically adorned with decorative ornaments encircling the text. This study investigates the ornamental illumination of two Sḥaraf al-Anām manuscripts housed in the EAP British Library and the Digital Collections of Leiden University Libraries. The former manuscript originates from Sri Lanka, while the provenance of the latter remains unidentified. Both manuscripts present Arabic text with interlinear Malay translations and are aesthetically decorated with diverse styles and patterns. The study analyzed the structural features, ornamental patterns and color designs of the illuminations in these manuscripts. It further explores the potential influences that may have contributed to the presence of such illuminations. This study found notable distinction as observed in the illumination characteristics between the Sḥaraf al-Anām in the EAP British Library collection and that in the Digital Collection of Leiden University Libraries. The comparison suggests that factors such as the provenance of the manuscripts, the artistic quality of the illuminator and the inherent creativity in the work may have contributed to this distinction. This study underscores the importance of these factors in understanding the diversity and richness of manuscript illumination in the Muslim world.
Farmers’ Economic Dynamics: Challenges, Dependency, and the Role of Middlemen in the Agricultural System of Serdang Bedagai Ihsan, Faiz Afza; Syamsinar, Anita; Ismail, Ismail
Proceeding International Conference on Islamic Economics Community Services (ICIECS) Vol 1 (2023): Proceeding International Conference on Islamic Economics Community Services
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

This study investigates the economic dynamics of farmers and the role of middlemen within the agricultural system of Serdang Bedagai, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through unstructured in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis to explore the structural, economic, and institutional conditions shaping farmer livelihoods. The findings reveal that farmers experience multidimensional constraints, including dependency on middlemen for credit and market access, significant price asymmetry along the value chain, rising production costs due to limited access to subsidized inputs, unequal adoption of modern agricultural technologies, and persistent challenges in irrigation and local governance. These interconnected factors reinforce a cycle of vulnerability that limits farmers’ bargaining power and economic mobility. The study highlights that farmers’ dependency is not merely relational but structurally embedded within an environment of market failures and weak institutional support. The results contribute to agrarian political economy studies by demonstrating how market structure, infrastructure, and credit systems jointly reproduce dependency. Practically, the study offers insights for policymakers to strengthen agricultural infrastructure, expand access to formal credit, improve subsidy distribution, and promote inclusive technological transformation. The research concludes that comprehensive, multi-sectoral interventions are required to enhance farmer welfare and reduce structural dependency within rural agricultural systems
Co-Authors Ihsan, Faiz Afza Ismail Ismail Yasmin, Nabila