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All Journal Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies Intermestic: Journal of International Studies
Erdurmaz, Ali Serdar
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Hubungan Türkiye-Israel dengan Partai Keadilan dan Pembangunan (AKP), di bawah Bayangan Hamas Erdurmaz, Ali Serdar; Bagci, Huseyin
Jurnal ICMES Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies
Publisher : Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35748/jurnalicmes.v8i1.195

Abstract

Turkish-Israeli relations during the AKP era have been tumultuous, shaped by ideological disparities, internal politics, and regional shifts. Despite these hurdles, both nations have maintained pragmatic cooperation, notably in trade, energy, and security domains. This study delves into the evolution of Turkish-Israeli ties, analysing key factors influencing their dynamics. It explores how cooperation persists amid ideological rifts and assesses the impact of recent normalisation efforts and ongoing tensions. Employing a conceptual and chronological approach, the research unveils a pattern of alternating between strategic collaboration and strained relations. The Mavi Marmara raid, a significant event in the history of Turkish-Israeli relations, marked a point of severe strain. However, economic exchanges have thrived, and recent attempts at normalisation offer hope despite the challenges that remain, notably Turkiye's support for Hamas and divergent regional policies. Meanwhile, various factors have shaped the relationship between Turkiye and Hamas over the past two decades. Key influences include the Palestinian issue, ideological alignments and tensions, regional dynamics, and, notably, the significant impact of individual leaders, such as President Erdoğan. Turkiye's engagement with Hamas has evolved from facilitating dialogue to providing political and financial support, especially following Hamas's electoral victory in 2006. Despite occasional tensions, Turkiye sees Hamas as a legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and supports it as part of its broader strategy to challenge the status quo in the Middle East. However, Turkiye's support for Hamas has strained its relations with Israel and raised concerns among Western allies, highlighting the complexities of Turkiye's role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This article will evaluate Turkish-Israel relations within the new approach toward the Hamas.
BETWEEN MOSCOW AND NATO: TÜRKIYE'S STRATEGIC HEDGING IN A MULTIPOLAR WORLD Erdurmaz, Ali Serdar; Yulianti, Dina
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/

Abstract

This article investigates the strategic motivations behind the evolving relationship between Türkiye and Russia, analyzing key diplomatic, economic, military, and energy dynamics. Although Türkiye is a NATO member, its increasingly independent foreign policy—driven by national interests and energy dependency—has allowed it to maintain close ties with Moscow despite growing tensions between Russia and the West. Conversely, Russia views Türkiye as a valuable economic partner and a wedge within NATO's cohesion. This study enhances the scholarly discourse by filling several key research gaps. It begins by offering a theoretical perspective based on realism and strategic hedging—an approach that remains underutilized in much of the prior, predominantly descriptive, literature. Furthermore, this study reveals that Türkiye’s foreign policy reflects a calculated strategy to navigate structural pressures while preserving autonomy. Empirically, the research examines bilateral interactions in Syria, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh, and the Black Sea, highlighting how Türkiye and Russia manage conflictual interests through compartmentalized cooperation. It also addresses underexplored areas such as tourism and nuclear education as informal stabilizers in their relationship. Findings suggest that Türkiye’s engagement with Russia is not a deviation from its Western alliances, but part of a broader strategic hedge designed to enhance diplomatic flexibility. Likewise, Russia’s outreach to Ankara reinforces its goal of weakening transatlantic unity. Overall, the Türkiye–Russia relationship exemplifies pragmatic statecraft under multipolarity, where rivalry and cooperation coexist in a transactional equilibrium.
Co-Authors Bagci, Huseyin Dina Yulianti, Dina