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All Journal Journal of Fundamentals and Applications of Chemical Engineering
Fahmi, Fahmi
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering

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Optimization of Esterification in the Synthesis of Surfactants Feedstock from Polar Lipid Fraction of Crude Palm Oil Muzakhar, Syah Sultan Ali; Assidiqie, Gloria Islamy; Siregar, Albar Sutan Bahari; Aparamarta, Hakun Wirasasista; Fahmi, Fahmi; Gunawan, Setiyo
Journal of Fundamentals and Applications of Chemical Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j2964710X.v4i1.19220

Abstract

Surfactants (monoglycerides and diglycerides) can be obtained by converting triglycerides and glycerol with a NaOH as catalyst. A low free fatty acids (FFA) content starting material is needed due to the formation of soap as side product. The aim of this research was to optimize the esterification of (Polar lipid fraction) PLF to eliminate the FFA content with ZnCl2 as catalyst. Optimization was conducted on the variables of duration (ranging from 40 to 80 min) and reaction temperature (210–250°C) using the Response Surface Method with Central Composite Design with starting FFA content of 28.4%. It was found that an FFA content of 0.285% and a yield of 97.25% were achieved at a temperature of 258.3°C and a heating duration of 59.71 min. Moreover, the influence of temperature and heating duration during the esterification reaction on the FFA content was highly significant, as indicated by the P-Value of 0.00000102. Meanwhile, the influence of temperature and heating duration during the esterification reaction on the yield is not significant (P-Value = 0.130).
Co-Authors Aparamarta, Hakun Wirasasista Assidiqie, Gloria Islamy Muzakhar, Syah Sultan Ali Setiyo Gunawan Siregar, Albar Sutan Bahari