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All Journal Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah Fernandez
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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The Rising Incidence of Skin Cancers in Young Adults: A Population-Based Study in Brazil Joseph Jose Flavio; Sarah Fernandez
Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjdv.v2i2.158

Abstract

Introduction: Skin cancers, historically associated with older populations, are increasingly affecting young adults. This study investigates the incidence trends of skin cancers among young adults (18-39 years) in Brazil, a country with high UV exposure and diverse skin types. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted using data from Brazil's National Cancer Registry (INCA) between 2010 and 2023. Incidence rates were calculated for melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) among young adults, stratified by age, sex, and region. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess temporal trends. Results: A total of 12,560 skin cancer cases were identified in young adults. BCC was the most common (55%), followed by SCC (30%) and melanoma (15%). Overall incidence rates increased significantly for all skin cancer types, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 3.2% for BCC, 2.8% for SCC, and 4.5% for melanoma. The highest incidence rates were observed in the Southern region, followed by the Southeast. Females had a higher incidence of melanoma, while males had a higher incidence of BCC and SCC. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a concerning rise in skin cancer incidence among young adults in Brazil. The findings highlight the need for targeted prevention efforts, including sun protection education and early detection programs, to address this growing public health issue.
The Role of Vestibular Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Brazil: A Randomized Controlled Trial Juan Pablo Fernando Rodriguez; Sarah Fernandez
Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjorl.v1i1.35

Abstract

Introduction: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a prevalent vestibular disorder causing recurrent episodes of vertigo. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is a recognized treatment for BPPV, but its effectiveness in the Brazilian population remains to be fully elucidated. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the impact of VR on BPPV outcomes in Brazil. Methods: 120 participants diagnosed with BPPV were randomly assigned to either a VR group (n=60) or a standard medical care (SMC) group (n=60). The VR group received a personalized program comprising canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRM) and vestibular exercises, while the SMC group received medication and lifestyle advice. The primary outcome was the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score at 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes included vertigo frequency and intensity (assessed via a Vertigo Diary) and balance function (measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Results: Both groups showed improvement in DHI scores over time. However, the VR group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in DHI scores at 4 weeks compared to the SMC group (p<0.05). Vertigo frequency and intensity also decreased significantly in both groups, with the VR group exhibiting a more pronounced reduction (p<0.05). Similarly, TUG test performance improved in both groups, but the VR group showed significantly better improvement at 4 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of VR in treating BPPV in the Brazilian population. VR, incorporating CRM and vestibular exercises, resulted in significant improvements in dizziness-related handicap, vertigo symptoms, and balance function compared to SMC alone. These findings underscore the importance of integrating VR into BPPV management in Brazil.
Co-Authors Joseph Jose Flavio Juan Pablo Fernando Rodriguez