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This Author published in this journals
All Journal The International Journal of Financial Systems
Tumbelaka, Indra
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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How Did Depositors React to Bank Risks During the Covid-19 Outbreak in Indonesia? Tumbelaka, Indra
The International Journal of Financial Systems Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Otoritas Jasa Keuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61459/ijfs.v1i2.27

Abstract

The Covid-19 outbreak provides a unique setting to examine the association between deposits and bank risk, including loan risk, as both deposits and loan risk increased significantly during the outbreak. Employing dynamic regression models in datasets from the Indonesian banking industry before and during the Covid-19 outbreak, this study provides new evidence that depositor discipline is stronger during the outbreak, as depositors are more sensitive to loan risk. The findings are different from prior studies in that depositor discipline tends to diminish during the crisis period. Furthermore, this study confirms the effectiveness of the deposit insurance system implementation, as uninsured depositors exercise stronger discipline. Last but not least, this study documents that depositor discipline is weaker in government banks as those banks are perceived as having implicit guarantees from the government.
Green Loans and Bank Intermediary Costs: : Evidence from Net Interest Margin and Loan Interest in Indonesia Tumbelaka, Indra; Handogo, Heru Setyo
The International Journal of Financial Systems Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Otoritas Jasa Keuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61459/ijfs.v4i1.100

Abstract

Employing a unique dataset of green and non-green loans in Indonesia, we show that banks’ loan allocation in environmentally and non-environmentally friendly activities are associated with bank intermediary costs. Our study utilizes green loan taxonomies released by the Indonesian Financial Services Authority to classify loans into green, transition, and unqualified categories. Using dynamic and static models, as well as GMM and fixed-effects estimators on bank-level panel data, we provide evidence that banks with larger green loan portfolios have lower intermediation costs, whereas banks with larger non-green loan portfolios have higher intermediation costs. We further confirm our findings by showing that green loans are associated with lower bank and loan interest spreads, implying that banks in a developing country consider environmental information in their lending decisions and perceive green loans as less risky. Our study contributes to the literature on net interest margins and green loan pricing in developing countries.
Co-Authors Handogo, Heru Setyo