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All Journal Agrikultura Plantropica: Journal of Agricultural Science
Alisha, Tarra Syifa
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Evaluation of Morphological and Cytological Variations in Colchicine-Induced M1 and M2 Generations of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) Alisha, Tarra Syifa; Saptadi, Darmawan; Damanhuri, Damanhuri
Agrikultura Vol 35, No 2 (2024): Agustus, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v35i2.53951

Abstract

Kacang bambara (Vigna subterranea L.) memiliki potensi dalam mengamankan pasokan pangan dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim karena memiliki manfaat dari aspek kandungan gizi, kesehatan, dan agronominya. Keterbatasan sumberdaya genetik menghambat pengembangan varietas unggul kacang bambara di Indonesia. Pemuliaan mutasi menggunakan kolkisin merupakan salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan keragaman kacang bambara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman morfologi dan sitologi pada dua generasi kacang bambara yang diinduksi oleh kolkisin pada konsentrasi yang berbeda. Eksperimen dilakukan di dua waktu dan lokasi yang berbeda, yaitu Maret-Juli 2022 di lapangan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya dan Maret-Juli 2023 di rumah kaca di wilayah Joyo Agung, Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur. Perlakuan kolkisin dilakukan dengan metode tetes pada pucuk apikal bibit dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda (0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3, dan 0,4%). Pengamatan karakteristik morfologi dan sitologi dilakukan pada generasi M1 dan M2. Perlakuan kolkisin mempengaruhi perubahan morfologi dan sitologi tanaman kacang bambara pada generasi M1 dan M2. Pada generasi M2, perlakuan kolkisin konsentrasi 0,4% meningkatkan lebar daun sebesar 31%, panjang daun sebesar 32%, waktu berbunga sebesar 28%, lebar biji sebesar 29%, panjang biji sebesar 47%, bobot 100 biji sebesar 3%, lebar stomata sebesar 20%, dan panjang stomata sebesar 25% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Namun, perlakuan kolkisin menurunkan jumlah daun sebesar 30%, tinggi tanaman sebesar 1%, jumlah biji pertanaman sebesar 58%, bobot biji pertanaman sebesar 56%, dan kerapatan stomata sebesar 15% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Perlakuan induksi kolkisin menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah kromosom pada generasi M2 sehingga dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan variasi dan mengatasi keterbatasan sumber daya genetik kacang Bambara.
Optimization of Colchicine Concentration by Drop Method for Induction of Variation in Bambara Groundnut Plant (Vigna subterranean L.) Alisha, Tarra Syifa; Saptadi, Darmawan
Plantropica: Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Agustus
Publisher : Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpt.2024.009.2.02

Abstract

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) is a legume plant from Africa. This plant is a promising food crop because it has many benefits regarding nutritional content, health, and agronomic aspects. However, efforts to increase the genetic diversity of potential yields are constrained by the limited genetic resources with high yields. Polyploidy induction increases plant diversity by giving chemical mutagens such as colchicine. This study aims to obtain the optimal concentration for the induction of bambara groundnut plant diversity with the drip method. This research was carried out from May 2022 to July 2022, located in the experimental field and at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The treatments used were different concentrations of colchicine, namely K0: 0% (control), K1: 0.1%, K2: 0.2%, K3: 0.3%, K4: 0.4%. The analysis of variance with the 5% level test showed that the colchicine concentration treatment significantly affected all observations of the bambara groundnut plant's quantitative character. The coefficient of the diversity of plants treated with colchicine was higher than the control treatment. The concentration used in this study did not cause the death of 50% of plants, so the LC50 value has not been found. Abnormal plants were found at 0.3% and 0.4% colchicine concentrations with different leaf shapes from the control plants.
Optimization of Colchicine Concentration by Drop Method for Induction of Variation in Bambara Groundnut Plant (Vigna subterranean L.) Alisha, Tarra Syifa; Saptadi, Darmawan
Plantropica: Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Agustus
Publisher : Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpt.2024.009.2.02

Abstract

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) is a legume plant from Africa. This plant is a promising food crop because it has many benefits regarding nutritional content, health, and agronomic aspects. However, efforts to increase the genetic diversity of potential yields are constrained by the limited genetic resources with high yields. Polyploidy induction increases plant diversity by giving chemical mutagens such as colchicine. This study aims to obtain the optimal concentration for the induction of bambara groundnut plant diversity with the drip method. This research was carried out from May 2022 to July 2022, located in the experimental field and at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The treatments used were different concentrations of colchicine, namely K0: 0% (control), K1: 0.1%, K2: 0.2%, K3: 0.3%, K4: 0.4%. The analysis of variance with the 5% level test showed that the colchicine concentration treatment significantly affected all observations of the bambara groundnut plant's quantitative character. The coefficient of the diversity of plants treated with colchicine was higher than the control treatment. The concentration used in this study did not cause the death of 50% of plants, so the LC50 value has not been found. Abnormal plants were found at 0.3% and 0.4% colchicine concentrations with different leaf shapes from the control plants.
Co-Authors Damanhuri Darmawan Saptadi, Darmawan