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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Ohanu, Chibuike Peter
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Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Journal : International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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Enhancing voltage stability of transmission network using proportional integral controlled high voltage direct current system Ohanu, Chibuike Peter; Ogbuefi, Uche C.; Ejiogu, Emenike; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 4: August 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3593-3602

Abstract

The contingencies experienced in transmission power networks often lead to unstable voltage profiles, challenging grid reliability and stability. This research aim is to enhance voltage stability using a proportional-integral (PI) controlled high voltage direct current (HVDC) system on a real life 330 kV network. The Newton-Raphson (NR) method is used for power flow analysis of the test network, and stability analysis identified Makurdi bus as the candidate bus for improvement due to its low eigenvalue and damping ratio. Application of a balanced three-phase fault at this bus resulted in a minimum voltage of 0.70 per unit (p.u.), falling outside the statutory voltage limit requirements of 0.95 to 1.05 p.u. The PI-based HVDC system was then applied along the Makurdi to Jos transmission line, which has a low loading capacity. The application of this model optimized the system response to disturbances, significantly improve voltage stability and raised the minimum voltage profile on the network to 0.80 p.u. This demonstrates 10% voltage profile improvement from the base case and reaffirms the effectiveness of the PI-based HVDC system in enhancing voltage stability during major disturbances. This research highlights the potential of integrating control systems into power networks to improve voltage stability and ensure reliable operation, even during large disturbances.
Power loss reduction and stability enhancement of power system through transmission network reconfiguration Akor, Titus Terwase; Madueme, Theophilu Chukwudolue; Ohanu, Chibuike Peter; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 6: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp6012-6026

Abstract

The power network faces several challenges as electricity usage rises and the frequency of partial and total grid disruptions is of great concern. This paper addresses the problem of voltage instability and high-power losses in transmission network, which threatens the stability of the power grid. The MATLAB R2023a/MATPOWER 5.0 is used to develop a model and analyze using the Newton-Raphson load flow method. The analysis reveals a marginal voltage violation at Bus 13 (below 0.95 p.u.). To enhance stability and efficiency, the network was reconfigured using a hybrid whale algorithm and particle swarm optimization (WAPSO) approach, incorporating new transmission lines (5-8 and 13-14) to improve connectivity and reduce congestion. The reconfiguration reduced active power losses by 29.5% (from 36.013 to 25.371 MW) and reactive power losses by 29.8% (from 301.30 to 211.59 MVAr). The system demonstrated first swing stability, with rotor angles remaining below π/2 (1.5669 rad maximum deviation) and fault clearance within the critical clearing time (0.2 s). Optimized exciter gains and a damping coefficient of 1.5 p.u. ensured effective oscillation suppression and stable generator voltages at 1.05 p.u. The hybrid WAPSO approach proved effective in optimizing voltage and rotor angle stability, enabling the network to meet a 24.086 p.u. load demand while enhancing overall grid reliability.
Co-Authors Akor, Titus Terwase Anyaka, Boniface Onyemaechi Ejiogu, Emenike Madueme, Theophilu Chukwudolue Ogbuefi, Uche C. Omeje, Luke Uwakwe Tole Sutikno