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All Journal AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Makara Journal of Science
Panthi, Binod
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Phenotypic Correlation, Path Analysis, and Quantitative Trait-Based Selection of Elite Wheat Genotypes Under Heat Stress Conditions in The Terai Region of Nepal Bhandari, Radhakrishna; Panthi, Binod; Nyaupane, Shivalal; Shrestha, Sandesh; Sharma, Prabin; Gupta, Rajesh Kumar; Sahani, Sansar; Poudel, Mukti Ram
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, but the production and productivity of wheat is affected by heat stress. A field experiment using an alpha lattice design with seven blocks was conducted on 35 elite wheat genotypes in the Terai region of Nepal to identify the most appropriate trait resulting in a high-yielding wheat genotype with high tolerance to heat stress. Correlation analysis revealed that booting-to-heading duration (BtoH), booting-to-anthesis duration (BtoA), plant height (Ph), spike length (SL), spike weight (SW), thousand grain weight (TGW), straw yield (SY), and total biomass yield (TY) had a significant positive correlation with grain yield (GY), whereas days to booting (DTB), days to heading (DTH), and days to anthesis (DTA) had significant negative correlations with GY (p ≤ 0.05). Path analysis revealed that DTB and DTA had a direct negative effect on the GY, whereas DTH had an indirect negative effect on yield via DTB. BtoA, Ph, SL, SW, and TGW had direct positive effects on yield, whereas BtoH had an indirect positive effect on yield via DTB. Principal component analysis demonstrated that high-yielding genotypes can be selected using DTB, DTH, DTA, BtoH, BtoA, and Ph. Taller and earlier genotype with long BtoH and BtoA would produce high yield under heat stress.
Phenological and Morphological Analysis of Elite Wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] Genotypes under Normal Irrigated Conditions Panthi, Binod; Kunwar, Priyanka; Poudel, Mukti Ram
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i2.4480

Abstract

Phenological and morphological traits, environmental conditions, and management practices influence the grain yield of bread wheat. Twenty elite wheat genotypes were evaluated under irrigated conditions using an alpha lattice design with two replications at IAAS, Paklihawa, Nepal, in 2021–2022 to identify key yield-attributing traits. Among 11 phenological and morphological traits, days to booting (DTB), plant height (Ph), spike length (SL), and number of spikelets per spike (NSPS) showed high heritability and genetic advance. Phenotypic correlation revealed significant (P<0.01) negative associations of grain yield (GY) with DTB (-0.434), days to heading (DTH, -0.411), and Ph (-0.411). Principal component and biplot analyses highlighted DTB, DTH, days to anthesis (DTA), and Ph as key traits negatively correlated with GY. Path analysis demonstrated a direct negative effect of DTB (-0.745) and Ph (-0.336) on GY, while DTH (0.131) and DTA (0.104) had positive effects, offset by DTB’s indirect influence. Thus, early booting and shorter plant height are recommended for achieving high yields. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into five clusters, with cluster 2 (BL 4407, BL 4919, NL 1346) and cluster 5 (NL 1350) identified as promising candidates for developing dwarf and earlybooting varieties in irrigation-based breeding programs respectively.
Co-Authors Bhandari, Radhakrishna Gupta, Rajesh Kumar Kunwar, Priyanka Nyaupane, Shivalal Poudel, Mukti Ram Sahani, Sansar Sharma, Prabin Shrestha, Sandesh