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All Journal Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health
Mahamed, Samatar Abshir
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Prevalence and associated risk factors of bruise in the bovine carcass slaughtered Jimma Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia Mohammed, Ahmednur Ali; Wolde, Radeit; Mahamed, Samatar Abshir
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v2i1.23

Abstract

Bruising bovine carcasses is a significant concern in the meat industry and affects both animal welfare and economic outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for bruises in bovine carcasses in the Jimma Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to May 2023; 384 randomly selected cattle were examined during ante- and postmortem inspections. Data on potential risk factors, including age, sex, breed, body condition, and causes of bruising, were collected. Visual inspection, palpation, and incision techniques were employed during the postmortem examination to identify and record the prevalence, anatomical location, and severity of bruises. Statistical analysis was performed via SPSS version 16.00, with nominal regression used to determine bruise rates and chi-square tests used to assess the associations between risk factors and bruise occurrence. A 95% confidence interval was applied, and differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. The study revealed a 24.48% prevalence of bruising, with stick beating (8.9%) being the most common cause. The anatomical distribution of the bruises varied, with the highest condemnation rates observed in the back and loin (6.25%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in bruise incidence based on age, sex, and body condition (p<0.05). A high prevalence of bruising has a substantial economic impact on the local meat industry. Factors such as improper handling during transportation significantly contribute to this issue. Recommendations include implementing awareness programs for stakeholders and enhancing animal welfare measures to mitigate economic losses and improve carcass quality.
Antibacterial activity of Apis mellifera bees honey, garlic extracts and their combinations against Salmonella in Wolayta Sodo, Southern Ethiopia Wolde, Rediet; Mahamed, Samatar Abshir
Svāsthya: Trends in General Medicine and Public Health Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : PT. Mega Science Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70347/svsthya.v1i2.25

Abstract

The global emergence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strains poses a significant threat to public health, necessitating the development of alternative antimicrobial agents. Although natural substances, such as honey and garlic, have shown promise in combating various pathogens, their efficacy against Salmonella, particularly in combination, remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Apis mellifera honey, garlic extracts, and their combination against Salmonella in Wolayta Sodo, southern Ethiopia. Aqueous honey and garlic extracts were prepared at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 g/100 mL. Antibacterial activity against Salmonella was assessed via the agar well diffusion method to measure zones of inhibition. The efficacies of honey, garlic, and their combinations were compared at different concentrations. All the data were statistically analyzed via one-way ANOVA, with a probability of 0.05 and a 95% significance level, via SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL version 21.0. Honey exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against Salmonella, with inhibition zones ranging from 13.67 mm to 26.33 mm across all concentrations. Garlic extracts showed moderate efficacy, producing inhibition zones between 12.00 mm and 15.67 mm. Unexpectedly, the combination of honey and garlic did not have synergistic effects and consistently underperformed compared with honey alone. The antibacterial activity of all the treatments was concentration dependent, with the highest efficacy observed at 100 g/100 mL (P<0.001). This study provides evidence of the potent antibacterial activity of Apis mellifera honey against Salmonella, which surpasses that of garlic extracts alone or in combination. These findings highlight the potential of honey as a natural antimicrobial agent, particularly at high concentrations.
Co-Authors Mohammed, Ahmednur Ali Wolde, Radeit Wolde, Rediet