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All Journal Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering)
Yanti, Nika R.
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering

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Low-Temperature Carbonization on Biochar from Agricultural Waste for Heavy Metal Removal Puari, Aninda; Yanti, Nika R.
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.013.1.162-178

Abstract

Biochar from agricultural waste has many applications in the field of agricultural and wastewater treatment. In this study, biochar derived from exhausted kahwa coffee (EKC) was produced at low carbonization temperatures (200–400°C) for the removal of copper (II) ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solutions. The EKC biochar exhibited a removal efficiency of 92.5% under optimal conditions. The biochar was also subjected to surface characterization for further investigation of the varied capacity removal of the EKC biochar at low temperatures. BET analysis was performed on the EKC biochar to gather information on the surface area and pore size, and the structure of the formed pores was imaged using SEM. Furthermore, the elemental content and functional groups on the surface of the EKC biochar were determined by EDX and FT-IR analyses. The results showed that the surface and pore sizes of the EKC biochar had an interplay with the capacity removal of the EKC biochar during low-temperature carbonization. Meanwhile, it was also confirmed that the elemental ion content and the surface functional groups showed a stronger relation to the removal capacity of the EKC biochar at each low temperature applied.
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Optimization Carbonization Parameters of Exhausted Coffee Husk for Iron Removal from Aqueous Solution Puari, Aninda T.; Yanti, Nika R.; Sari, Nurmala; Rusnam, Rusnam
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i3.637-649

Abstract

In this study, biochar derived from exhausted coffee husk (ECH) was used as biosorbent for removing Iron (II) from aqueous solution. The aim of this study was to improve the biosorption capacity of the biosorbent from agricultural solid waste and its usability for Fe²⁺ removal. The biosorption performance of ECH biochar was optimized through carbonization parameters: temperature, time, and temperature gradient. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on multivariate analysis was employed to evaluate the biosorption performance of ECH biochar for Fe²⁺ biosorption. The optimum performance predicted through Box-Behnken design experiment. The optimal combination of the three parameters was 549.37°C, 1.98 h and 21.98°C/min. At the optimal condition the removal efficiency (RE) was predicted to be 107.01% and biosorption capacity (qt) was 5.11 mg/g. SEM-EDX, FT-IR and XRD analysis were conducted in this study to evaluate the biosorption mechanism of ECH biochar on the iron ion. The results showed that ion exchange existed on the surface of the ECH biochar during the biosorption. Additionally, the presence of functional groups on the ECH biochar surface responsible for Fe(II) binding. Overall, the findings of this study suggested an eco-friendly strategy for optimizing the removal of Iron (II) from polluted water by the biosorption onto ECH biochar. Keywords: Biochar, Biosorption capacity, Box-Behnken design, Temperature, Time
Co-Authors Nurmala Sari Puari, Aninda Puari, Aninda T. Rusnam Rusnam