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All Journal Geosfera: Jurnal Penelitian Geografi
Arie Yulfa
Program Studi Geografi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Padang
Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Perancangan Zona Layanan dan Rute Bus Sekolah Kota Payakumbuh Menggunakan Graph Neural Network (GNN) Rizky Ferdiansyah Habibi NST; Arie Yulfa
Geosfera: Jurnal Penelitian Geografi Vol 4, No 2 (2025): Geosfera : Jurnal Penelitian Geografi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/geojpg.v4i2.37729

Abstract

Payakumbuh City is one of the cities located in West Sumatra Province, with a population of 149,077 people. Public transportation is needed for daily mobility, especially for students, because public transportation in this city only consists of 21 units and only serves one route. This study aims to establish service zones, routes, stops or bus stops, and bus transportation modes that are suitable for the geographical conditions of Payakumbuh City. The method used in this study is Graph Neural Network (GNN) with the variables analyzed being the distribution of schools, traffic congestion points, points of interest, and road networks. The results of the study show that service zones can be determined based on the existing land use in Payakumbuh City, dividing the service zones into 4 zones with a total route length of 93.54 kilometers, 209 bus stops, and a suitable mode of transportation, namely microbuses with two types of buses, with an estimated number of 211 units. Payakumbuh City can implement public transportation, particularly school buses, but special attention must be given to the existing road conditions, as the road width in the area is 4-7 meters. Therefore, in its implementation, three service zones can use microbuses with a capacity of 30 passengers, and one service zone can use microbuses with a capacity of 20 passengers.
Analisis Perubahan Tutupan Lahan dan Dampaknya terhadap Ketahanan Pangan di Kota Bukittinggi Muhammad Irfansyah; Arie Yulfa
Geosfera: Jurnal Penelitian Geografi Vol 4, No 2 (2025): Geosfera : Jurnal Penelitian Geografi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/geojpg.v4i2.37027

Abstract

This study aims to: (1) analyze land-cover changes from 2018 to 2024, and (2) analyze the impact of paddy field conversion for food security in Bukittinggi City. A quantitative descriptive approach based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was employed, using Sentinel-2 image classification with the Random Forest algorithm. Land-use changes were analyzed through overlay techniques, while food security was assessed by comparing rice availability and rice demand. The impacts of land conversion were tested using a Paired Sample t-Test, and projected paddy field decline was estimated through Exponential Triple Smoothing (ETS). The results indicate an increase in built-up land by 31.70 hectares and a decrease in paddy fields by 20.92 hectares between 2018 and 2024, along with reductions in several other land-use classes. Additionally, 7 hectares of Protected Paddy Fields were converted, reflecting weak effectiveness of land-protection policies. Paddy field conversion reduced rice availability from 3,157.35 tons to 2,185.11 tons, while rising demand widened the deficit from –3,835.57 tons to –5,909.94 tons in 2024. The t-Test showed a significant decline in food security, with average fulfillment decreasing from 33.74% to 33.37% (sig. 0.048). ETS projections further indicate that paddy fields will continue to decline and may nearly disappear by 2201–2202 if conversion is not controlled. In conclusion, paddy field conversion poses a substantial threat to Bukittinggi’s food security, and without strict regulation, the region may reach a critical point in the coming years.
Co-Authors Muhammad Irfansyah Rizky Ferdiansyah Habibi NST