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All Journal Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Al-battar: Jurnal Pamungkas Hukum
Rahmad Prasetyo
Universitas Borobudur
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

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Legal Uncertainty in the Application of Simple Proof in Bankruptcy Cases and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations Rahmad Prasetyo; Megawati Barthos
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i2.444

Abstract

The Asian monetary crisis of 1997 triggered significant changes in the Indonesian legal system, including the reform of bankruptcy laws marked by the emergence of Law No. 4 of 1998 and later Law No. 37 of 2004 regarding Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU). This crisis underscored the need for a fair and effective debt resolution mechanism. This research uses a normative juridical approach with descriptive analysis methods to examine the application of the pari passu pro rata partem concept and simple proof in the Bankruptcy Law. The data sources used are secondary data consisting of legislation, legal literature, and related court decisions. The results show that the practice of applying simple proof often leads to inconsistency in judges' decisions because the law does not clearly specify the definition of "simple" in this context. Several cases demonstrate difficulties in simply proving the existence of debts, which ultimately leads to the rejection of bankruptcy petitions. Additionally, the conflict of legal norms between the Bankruptcy Law and the Mortgage Law creates challenges in the execution of mortgage rights. Therefore, under the current context, the Bankruptcy Law, which emerged during the financial crisis, is no longer entirely relevant, and the concept of simple proof in Article 8 paragraph (4) of the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU needs to be reassessed to ensure fairness for creditors and debtors.
The Dynamics of the Constitutional Court’s Authority in Determining Age Limit Requirements for Political Leadership Candidates Rahmad Prasetyo; Richard
al-Battar: Jurnal Pamungkas Hukum Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Yayasan Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63142/al-battar.v2i3.436

Abstract

The Constitutional Court of Indonesia plays a central role in the national constitutional system through its authority to review statutory laws against the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and one of the most debated constitutional issues in recent years concerns the Court’s authority to interpret and determine age limit requirements for political leadership candidates, particularly presidential and regional head candidates. Although such age requirements were originally regulated explicitly by statutory provisions, Constitutional Court decisions have significantly altered these norms, generating legal and political controversy and affecting the structure of Indonesia’s electoral system. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of the Constitutional Court’s authority in adjudicating cases related to age limit requirements for political leadership candidates and to examine the constitutional and democratic implications of these decisions. Employing a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a case approach focusing primarily on Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023—this study relies on primary legal materials such as the 1945 Constitution, election and regional governance statutes, and Constitutional Court rulings, as well as secondary materials from academic journals, books, and recent scholarly literature. The findings indicate that the Constitutional Court, in this decision, has gone beyond its traditional role as a negative legislator and has assumed characteristics of a positive legislator by effectively creating new legal norms through progressive constitutional interpretation, thereby raising concerns regarding the limits of judicial authority, the potential shift of legislative functions from the legislature to the judiciary, and the need to reinforce institutional checks and balances to maintain legal certainty and democratic legitimacy within Indonesia’s constitutional and electoral system.
Co-Authors Megawati Barthos Richard