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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Bionature
Magdugo, Rexie P.
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science

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Morphological Variations in Mud Clam Polymesoda Erosa (Lightfoot) Using Fluctuating Asymmetry Analysis in La Union, Cabadbaran City, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines Sastrillas, Noel; Hebanada, Charisse T.; Magdugo, Rexie P.
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v16i2.53289

Abstract

A geometric morphometric study was conducted on the population of Polymesoda erosa in La Union, Cabadbaran City, to investigate the morphological variations using fluctuating asymmetry (FA) analysis. FA acts as a reliable indicator of ecological stress and developmental instability since it detects genetic or environmental changes that an organism experiences. A total of ninety (90) individual mud clams were randomly collected and analyze. Water and soil samples were also collected to gather data on the degree of body variations and the impact of external factors on P. erosa. The result of the analysis using the SAGE software revealed a highly significant fluctuating asymmetry (P 0.0001). Significant variations in individuals, sides, and the interaction between individuals and sides symmetry were mostly responsible for the substantial variances seen in mud clam species. Particularly, landmarks 10 (dorsal margin maxima) and 13 (anterior margin maxima) exhibited notable variations. For the water quality results, the mud clam's internal valve was likely to be relatively unaffected or minimally impacted, but the level of nickel was high. In conclusion, the fluctuating asymmetry of P. erosa can be attributed to a stressed environment. Unfavorable environmental factors cause an organism's morphology to change, affecting its symmetry.
Analysis of Fluctuative Asimetry in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) in Mainit, Surigao Del Norte, Philiphines Beltran, Darlo Novo M.; Magdugo, Rexie P.
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i2.4523

Abstract

This study analyzes fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in body shapes of pond-raised and wild type of Oreochromis niloticus to assess morphological variations. Using Procrustes ANOVA, significant differences were found in directional (p < 0.0001) and fluctuating asymmetry between populations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that for male Tilapia, cumulative variation reached 74.15%, with PC1 contributing 29.04%. For females, the cumulative variation was 74.99%, with PC1 accounting for 24.97%. Key landmarks affected included the snout tip in males and several features in females, such as the dorsal fin insertion and eye margin. These landmarks indicate major morphological differences between the two populations. Geographic isolation, food availability, and environmental conditions likely contribute to the observed variations. The study highlights the effectiveness of fluctuating asymmetry analysis in characterizing body shape differences in Tilapia, emphasizing the need to consider environmental factors and stressors when interpreting these morphological variations, which may have implications for reproduction and development.
Fractionated Polysaccharide Extracts From Codium Geppiorum O.C. Schmidt, 1923: Ftir And Bioactivity Evaluation Diaz, John Benedict B.; Maria Elma Q. Won; Felmer Latayada; Magdugo, Rexie P.
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i2.4525

Abstract

This study investigates the Codium species from the class Chlorophyta, known for their bioactive polysaccharides. Hence, the two isolated polysaccharide extracts: crude polysaccharides (CPs) and acid polysaccharides (APs), with yields of 20.41% and 19.50%, respectively. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic sulfated polysaccharides at 1220cm-1 -565cm-1 in APs and 880cm-1 in CPs. Antimicrobial activity was observed only in the APs, which effectively inhibited Micrococcus luteus (22±2 mm at 100 mg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.67±1.15 mm at 100 mg/mL), and showed trace activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (+=trace). The APs demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive bacteria, indicating their potential for pharmaceutical and natural product applications. This work provides a foundational step toward generating innovative, seaweed antibacterial drugs, addressing the essential need for updated remedies in the peak of increasing antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
Co-Authors Beltran, Darlo Novo M. Diaz, John Benedict B. Felmer Latayada Hebanada, Charisse T. Maria Elma Q. Won Sastrillas, Noel