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Gumilar, Setia
ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia
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Gerakan Tarekat Tijaniyah di Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, 1935-1945 Hidayat, Asep Achmad; Gumilar, Setia
SOSIOHUMANIKA Vol 9, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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RESUME: Penelitian ini ingin merekonstruksi ajaran tarekat Tijaniyah dan perkembangannya di daerah Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, pada tahun 1935-1945. Masalah ini didasarkan pada realitas bahwa masuk dan berkembangnya tarekat Tijaniyah di Indonesia, khususnya di Jawa Barat, yang diwarnai oleh pertentangan di antara para ahli tarekat di Indonesia, telah dilakukan dengan berbagai cara. Pertentangan ini timbul karena adanya anggapan dari para penganut tarekat non-Tijaniyah bahwa dalam tarekat Tijaniyah terdapat kejanggalan-kejanggalan. Meskipun sejarah perjalanan tarekat Tijaniyah diwarnai oleh kontroversi dan pertentangan dari para tokoh tarekat lain (non-Tijnaiyah), namun jumlah pengikut tarekat Tijaniyah terus bertambah dari waktu ke waktu. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa perkembangan tarekat Tijaniyah di daerah Garut, Jawa Barat, sejak pertama kali disebarkan oleh K.H. (Kyai Haji) Badruzaman pada tahun 1935, mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat dan berjalan dengan mulus tanpa pertentangan dari golongan non-Tijaniyah. Bahkan, berdasarkan sumber-sumber lisan yang didapatkan dari para tokoh tarekat Tijaniyah di Garut, sejak kedatangannya, gerakan tarekat Tijaniyah ini mulai bersentuhan dengan pergerakan nasional untuk menentang pemerintahan kolonial Belanda. Pada zaman pendudukan Jepang (1942-1945), kaum Tijaniyah di Garut ikut juga melakukan penentangan terhadap pemerintahan Jepang di Garut. Sedangkan pada masa awal revolusi Indonesia (1945), kaum Tijaniyah di Garut ikut bergabung dengan organisasi “Hizbullah” (Barisan Allah) dan “Sabilillah” (Jalan Allah) untuk mempertahankan kemerdekaan melalui gerakan “khalwat” (mengasingkan diri) dan “hijrah” (berpindah ke tempat lain).KATA KUNCI: Tarekat Tijaniyah; Ajaran dan Perkembangan Tarekat; Kabupaten Garut; Tokoh Tarekat; Peran Tarekat. ABSTRACT: “Movement of Tijaniyyah Sufi Order in Garut, West Java, Indonesia, 1935-1945”. This study wants to reconstruct the teachings of Tijaniyyah and its developments in the area of Garut, West Java, Indonesia, in the year 1935-1945. This issue is based on the reality that the entry and development of Tijaniyyah in Indonesia, especially in West Java, which is characterized by contradiction among the members of Islamic mysticism order in Indonesia, has been done in various ways. This contradiction arises because of the assumption of the non-members of Tijaniyyah that there are irregularities in Tijaniyah order. Despite the long history of Tijaniyyah marred by controversy and opposition from other religious leaders who non-Tijnaiyah, but the number of Tijaniyyah followers continue to grow over time. Research shows that the development Tijaniyyah in Garut, West Java, since it was first propagated by K.H. Badruzaman in 1935, has developed very fast and run smoothly without any opposition from the non-Tijaniyah members. In fact, based on oral sources obtained from figures of Tijaniyyah in Garut, since its arrival, Tijaniyyah movement began contact with the national movement against Dutch colonial rule. At the time of Japanese occupation (1942-1945), the Tijaniyah in Garut come too did opposition to Japanese rule in Garut. Meanwhile, during the early period of Indonesian revolution (1945), the Tijaniyah in Garut joined the organizations of “Hezbollah” (Army of God) and “Sabilillah” (Way of God) to maintain independence through the movement of “khalwat” (exile) and “hijrah” (move to another place).KEY WORD: Tijaniyyah Sufi Order; Doctrine and Development of Sufi Order; Garut District; Figures of Sufi Order; Role of Sufi Order.  About the Authors: Dr. Asep Achmad Hidayat dan Dr. Setia Gumilar adalah Dosen di Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN SGD (Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati) Bandung, Jalan A.H. Nasution No.105 Cipadung, Bandung 40614, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Alamat emel penulis: gumilarsetia@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Hidayat, Asep Achmad & Setia Gumilar. (2016). “Gerakan Tarekat Tijaniyah di Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, 1935-1945” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Vol.9(1) May, pp.31-48. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UPI Bandung, ISSN 1979-0112. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (April 5, 2016); Revised (April 25, 2016); and Published (May 20, 2016).
Friction in MASYUMI: A Historical Studies on Internal Conflict Event of Islamic Party in Indonesia, 1945-1960 Hidayat, Asep Achmad; Gumilar, Setia
TAWARIKH Vol 8, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: As one of the modern Islamic organizations, MASYUMI (Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia or Council of Indonesian Muslim Association), in its development, cannot be separated from the internal dynamics. The dynamics influenced toward the pattern of the struggle that it did. The differences of MASYUMI’s characteristics are the main reasons for the friction. Besides, internal political interests became the other causes of MASYUMI’s discordance. Different characters and their political interests led to the domination of one group in MASYUMI. The political domination impacts on the integrity of the members in it. This study tries to elaborate of friction in MASYUMI as modern political party in Indonesia, since 1940s to 1960s in Indonesian political landscape. The method of study is a qualitative research, especially historical method, in which the Heuristic, Critics, Analysis, and Historiography are the steps in historical research. The findings show that as a result of these frictions in MASYUMI, the authority and dignity of the organization has decreased. MASYUMI was no longer become covered Islamic organizations, as well as on the initial formation. Many Muslims did not want to join again with MASYUMI. Inequalities in the management of distributing the resources unevenly became the early setback that MASYUMI up cannot be glimpsed again by Muslims, either personally or collectively. KEY WORDS: Modern Islamic Party; Internal Conflict; Domination; Political Interests; Indonesian Political Landscape.  About the Authors: Dr. Asep Achmad Hidayat and Dr. Setia Gumilar are the Lecturers at the Faculty of Adab and Humanities UIN SGD (State Islamic University, Sunan Gunung Djati) Bandung, Jalan A.H. Nasution No.105 Cipadung, Bandung 40614, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail address is: gumilarsetia@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Hidayat, Asep Achmad & Setia Gumilar. (2016). “Friction in MASYUMI: A Historical Studies on Internal Conflict Event of Islamic Party in Indonesia, 1945-1960” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.8(1) October, pp.59-68. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UIN SGD Bandung, ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (September 8, 2016); Revised (October 5, 2016); and Published (October 28, 2016).
Co-Authors Hidayat, Asep Achmad