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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Constitution Journal
Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra
ASTA Research Center
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Just Transition or Just Illusion? A Critical Assessment of Climate and Development Programmes in Madagascar Hoby Nasandratra Andriamiandrisoa; Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jish.v14i3.106127

Abstract

Climate change impacts in Madagascar have intensified concerns about the fairness of current adaptation and development programmes, making the notion of a just transition an urgent policy and research priority. This paper aims to examine the extent to which four justice dimensions of just transition are reflected in key climate initiatives, with a focus on identifying strengths and gaps. The study uses a qualitative systematic literature review combined with thematic analysis, following ROSES guidelines for data collection. Each justice dimension is assessed using specific criteria, focusing on community participation for procedural justice, benefit and burden allocation for distributive justice, compensation and livelihood recovery for restorative justice, and the recognition of cultural, gendered, and historically marginalised groups for recognition justice. Findings show that procedural justice is only partially realised, as community participation remains mostly operational rather than influential in decision making. Distributive justice appears uneven, with benefits concentrated in semi urban areas and persistent disparities affecting rural populations, women, and land dependent households. Restorative justice is limited, because compensation and long term livelihood recovery measures remain insufficient compared with the scale of environmental and socio economic harm. Recognition justice shows selective progress, especially in projects targeting drought affected and coastal communities, yet it does not adequately address deeper cultural, gendered, and historical forms of marginalisation. The paper concludes that Madagascar’s programmes demonstrate intent but fall short of delivering truly “just transition,” and it recommends institutionalising participatory mechanisms, designing equitable benefit sharing frameworks, expanding reparative policies, and adopting a national just transition framework to guide future interventions.
Constitutional Fragility and Dual Nationality Disputes: Legal Implications of Madagascar 2023 Presidential Election Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra
Constitution Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : UIN Kiai Haji Ahmad Sidiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v4i1.132

Abstract

The 2023 presidential election in Madagascar raised serious constitutional and legal questions surrounding the eligibility of incumbent President Andry Rajoelina, who was revealed to have acquired French nationality in 2014. This fact, under the Malagasy Code of Nationality, automatically triggers the loss of his Malagasy citizenship—an essential constitutional requirement for presidential candidacy. Despite legal provisions and widespread objections from civil society and opposition coalitions, the High Constitutional Court (HCC) dismissed all challenges and upheld his candidacy. This paper identifies a gap in existing constitutional law literature in Madagascar, which has not sufficiently addressed the legal implications of nationality loss in the context of presidential eligibility. The paper aims to examine how key legal institutions, particularly the HCC and the electoral commission (CENI), responded to this controversy and what their actions reveal about judicial independence and constitutional compliance. Using a doctrinal approach grounded in positivist and originalist lenses, complemented by judicial independence and democratic legitimacy lenses, this study analyses relevant constitutional provisions, court decisions, and political developments. It argues that the HCC’s refusal to substantively address the nationality issue reflects broader institutional weaknesses and signals a worrying trend of legal uncertainty. The findings highlight the need for reform to restore public trust, ensure electoral integrity, and safeguard constitutionalism in Madagascar.
Co-Authors Hoby Nasandratra Andriamiandrisoa