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All Journal Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dengan Aplikasi
Marwan Omar
Illinois Institute of Technology
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Hybrid Decision Support Framework with Explainable AI and Multi-Criteria Optimization Hewa Majeed Zangana; Noor Salah Hassan; Marwan Omar; Jamal N. Al-Karaki
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dengan Aplikasi Vol 4 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Ali Institute or Research and Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55537/spk.v4i2.1328

Abstract

Decision-making in domains such as healthcare, finance, and smart systems demands frameworks that combine model-driven expertise with data-driven adaptability. This paper proposes a hybrid decision support framework that integrates Explainable AI (XAI) with multi-criteria optimization to enhance transparency, robustness, and adaptability. Unlike traditional systems, our approach unifies mechanistic models with machine learning and embeds interpretability and optimization mechanisms. Comparative evaluation against state-of-the-art methods shows consistent performance gains, achieving 15–25% lower error rates compared with data-driven baselines and generating more diverse Pareto-optimal solutions. These improvements highlight the framework’s potential as a reliable, explainable, and scalable solution for complex, real-world decision-making
A Lightweight Hybrid Template-Matching–CNN Framework with Attention-Guided Fusion for Robust Small Object Detection Hewa Majeed Zangana; Marwan Omar; Mohammed Aquil Mirza; Xinwei Cao; Sharyar Wani
Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/biste.v8i1.14751

Abstract

Small object detection in aerial and surveillance imagery remains challenging due to low resolution, occlusion, and background clutter. This study introduces a novel hybrid detection framework that fuses template matching with a deep learning detector (Faster R-CNN) through an attention-guided decision fusion mechanism. The novelty lies in (i) a dual-stage fusion pipeline that integrates precise structural cues from template matching with deep semantic features, and (ii) a custom scale-aware focal loss, adapted from Focal Loss to emphasize hard and small objects by dynamically increasing penalties for low-confidence predictions. Evaluated on a Pascal VOC subset (1000 images, 5 classes), the proposed system achieves an mAP improvement of 3.5% over the Faster R-CNN baseline and surpasses YOLO-Lite and R-CNN variants in precision and recall. The hybrid design adds only a minimal computational overhead (0.45 s/image vs. 0.42 s for Faster R-CNN), demonstrating favorable efficiency–accuracy trade-offs suitable for scalable deployment. These findings highlight the framework’s robustness, particularly in scenes containing occlusion, clutter, or visually small targets. Limitations regarding template dependency are discussed, along with future directions for automatic template generation and real-time video adaptation.
Co-Authors Hewa Majeed Zangana Jamal N. Al-Karaki Mohammed Aquil Mirza Noor Salah Hassan Sharyar Wani Xinwei Cao