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Warganegara, Muhd Rafli Ramadhan
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The Political Economy of Crypto Assets: World Dependency on Digital Financialization Warganegara, Muhd Rafli Ramadhan
Global South Review Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.93107

Abstract

The massive development of technology, the use of data, and information systems have brought the popularity of crypto assets—also known as cryptocurrency—as part of the digital economy in the globalized political economy order. This study aims to capture structuralist criticisms by Karl Marx of crypto assets as a global political economy project and see its massive entanglement in the current global political order. Using the concepts of base and superstructure, this study will dismantle the discourse on the mode of production of commodities that have been questioned based on their digital and intangible commodity. It reveals the reproduction of the surplus labor process as a part of an initial understanding of how the crypto assets work from the social relations network's perspective. In further analysis, this study uses Dependency Theory to view crypto assets as a global system phenomenon that cannot escape the role of multi-sectors that perpetuate the presence of global structuralism in the current global economy. The research utilizes Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to investigate the intertwining relationships between crypto assets and world dependency in the international political economy order.Keywords: blockchain; cryptocurrency; dependency theory; digitalization; Global South
Shifting from ‘AI Solutions’ to ‘AI Coloniality’: Resignification of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Apartheid Warganegara, Muhd Rafli Ramadhan
Global South Review Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.94333

Abstract

The study explores the evolving role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) beyond its perceived neutrality, delving into its politicization particularly in the Global South's digitalization context. It argues that once seen as a neutral problem-solving tool, AI has transformed into a politically charged entity, embodying biases rooted in its creation and training processes. This transformation marks a shift towards AI colonialism, where corporate interests intertwine with extensive data extraction practices, raising concerns about extractive colonial power dynamics. The discourse of AI colonialism underscores the interdependence of AI, corporate interests, and the extraction of meaning, prompting a re-evaluation of regulatory frameworks to mitigate profit-driven activities. Furthermore, the article examines how AI's intersection with data extraction facilitates societal surveillance, leading to Digital Apartheid in Sub-Saharan Africa—a manifestation of racial capitalism in the digital age. This Digital Apartheid perpetuates social segregation based on race through AI-driven technologies, exacerbating biases that disproportionately affect people of color. The article advocates for open discussions on digital and AI ethics to address these challenges to counteract racial discrimination and foster a more inclusive and equitable technological landscape. Overall, the abstract highlights the complex socio-political dimensions of AI, urging for proactive measures to mitigate its negative impacts and ensure fair and just technological development.Keywords: artificial intelligence; AI coloniality; digital apartheid; racial capitalism
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