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All Journal Automotive Experiences
Azizul, Muhamad Asri
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Development of an Endurance Test Procedure for Vehicle Control Arm through Vehicle Dynamic Testing and Load Transfer Analysis Anuar, Nuurshafiqah; Sulaiman, Syabillah; Azizul, Muhamad Asri; Zainal Abidin, Shaiful Fadzil; Mohamed, Norirda; Mahmudin, Rahmah; Ismail, Norhasikin
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.12561

Abstract

This research studies the forces applied to various vehicle control arms through different static and dynamic conditions during acceleration and braking condition. This study is targeting the important role that control arms play in ensuring stability and dynamics of vehicles, particularly when electric powertrains are added to chassis platforms created for conventional internal combustion engine (ICE). The study was designed with three phases: Fundamental of control arm dynamics (Phase 1), math formulations into theoretical models (Phase 2) and then experimental validation using the real rail component measurements (Phase 3). Tests were carried out on a straight track at a speed of 15 km/h and 30 km/h targeting the rear axle in an accelerating and the front axle in a braking condition. Results indicated that at 15 km/h, the acceleration of the rear axle was between 0.63 g and 0.49 g whereas at 30 km/h it was between 0.68 g and 0.70 g. During braking at 15 km/h, the front axle's acceleration ranged from a minimum of 0.62 g to a maximum of 0.70 g. At 30 km/h, the acceleration ranged from a minimum of 0.73 g to a maximum of 0.81 g. This suggests that there is a marked disparity in the dynamic action or response of sprung mass and unsprung mass at the different loading conditions. It emphasizes the need for additional support in the control arms and better control over the forces when the electric powertrains will be introduced. All of these have laid a basis for further research aimed at improving the designs of the vehicle structures in advance for the emerging powertrain technologies.
A Comprehensive Study of Electric Vehicle Performance under Diverse Powertrain Architecture using 1D Simulation Approach Abidin, Shaiful Fadzil Zainal; Sulaiman, Syabillah; Ishak, Izuan Amin; Mustafa, Mohammad Edilan; Ghazally, Saifullah Md; Azizul, Muhamad Asri
Automotive Experiences Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Issue in Progress
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.15151

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming popular because of their potential for reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable transportation. However, the driving range and energy consumption performance could be a limitation on EVs' performance, which are influenced by various technical and environmental factors. This study investigates the effects of key powertrain parameters of EVs, such as battery capacity, motor efficiency, motor power, and transmission setup, on the driving range and energy consumption of EVs through simulation analysis. The Nissan Leaf and Hyundai Kona, two different EV model categories from the hatchback and Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV), were selected for analysis using 1D simulation method. The models were tested under two standardized driving cycles, which are the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC). The validation results showed that the absolute percentage error is less than 10 % against the key technical specifications provided by the EV manufacturers. This study considered variations in battery capacity (±30%), motor power (±30%), motor efficiency (-15% to 5%), and transmission configurations. The outcomes from this study showed that battery capacity performance, motor efficiency, and transmission gear ratio configuration significantly impacted the driving range performance. In contrast, only motor efficiency and transmission gear ratio configuration significantly contributed to energy consumption performance. This research can be considered a benchmark in optimizing EV powertrain design, which can contribute to EV development in terms of cost and productivity.
Co-Authors Abidin, Shaiful Fadzil Zainal Anuar, Nuurshafiqah Ghazally, Saifullah Md Ishak, Izuan Amin Ismail, Norhasikin Mahmudin, Rahmah Mohamed, Norirda Mustafa, Mohammad Edilan Sulaiman, Syabillah Zainal Abidin, Shaiful Fadzil