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All Journal Jurnal Agrotek UMMat Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Ilmannafia, Danuraja
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Pemlastis epoksi ester minyak sawit sebagai pengganti epoksi minyak kedelai pada kulit imitasi Utami, Ratri Retno; Satwikanitya, Pani; Saputra, Andri; Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya; Ilmannafia, Danuraja
Jurnal Agrotek Ummat Vol 11, No 4 (2024): Jurnal Agrotek Ummat
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jau.v11i4.26741

Abstract

A plasticizer is a liquid added to synthetic leather materials to make the product softer, more flexible, and easier to process. The development of sustainable plasticizers in this study was achieved using palm oil as the primary raw material. The study aimed to evaluate the application of epoxidized palm oil esters on imitation leather. The epoxidation process used palm oil esters as the base material, with acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and amberlite resin as catalysts. The mixture was heated to a temperature of 60 °C and stirred at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 hours. The resulting epoxy oil was then applied to the top layer of imitation leather, and its mechanical properties were tested. Epoxidized palm oil esters replaced 50% and 100% of epoxidized soybean oil the imitation leather. As a control, plasticizers from commercial epoxidized soybean oil were used. The mechanical test results showed that replacing 100% of the epoxidized soybean oil with palm oil esters in synthetic leather did not result in significant differences in longitudinal tensile strength and transverse elongation compared to the control. However, artificial leather with epoxidized palm oil esters demonstrated better tear resistance than the control. Further studies are required to determine the optimal conditions for the epoxidation reaction, fatty acid composition, and stability of epoxidized palm oil esters.
Transesterification of Palm Olein to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (POle-ME) Using Base Catalysts Utami, Ratri Retno; Saputra, Andri; Satwikanitya, Pani; Sya’bani, Muh Wahyu; Warmiati, Warmiati; Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya; Ilmannafia, Danuraja
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i3.344

Abstract

Palm olein esters are potentially convertible into epoxy oil, which can serve as a plasticizer. Palm olein can be reacted with alcohol in the presence of a base catalyst in a process named transesterification. This study aimed to investigate the application of palm olein to produce fatty acid methyl esters (POLe-ME) using sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide as catalysts, which are then evaluated for their potential as plasticizers. The research process involved selecting raw materials based on the iodine and acid numbers. Subsequently, transesterification was conducted using 1% base catalysts. The characterization of POle-ME included evaluating its acid number, iodine number, viscosity, fatty acid composition, and functional groups. The findings indicate that using a molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:6 and potassium hydroxide as a catalyst achieved the highest yield at 94.99%. The produced POle-ME exhibited a peak at 1436 cm-1, indicating the presence of a methyl ester functional group. The fatty acid composition of POle-ME consisted predominantly of oleic unsaturated fatty acid (C18:1) at 49.13%. Additionally, POle-ME exhibited an iodine number of 60.42, an acid number of 1.395, and a viscosity of 7.16 mPa·s, indicating its potential as a raw material for epoxy oil (plasticizer) production.
Co-Authors Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya Muh. Wahyu Syabani Nurwijayanti Ratri Retno Utami RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Satwikanitya, Pani Warmiati, Warmiati