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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences
Mohammed, Abdulganiyu Galadima
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Physico-Chemical Properties and Bacteriological Analysis of Mangrove Water from Mangrove Forest of Gbaramatu Kingdom Delta, Nigeria Mohammed, Abdulganiyu Galadima; Udebuani, Angela Chika; Okechi, Reuben Nwoye
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19942

Abstract

Mangrove water is habitat for aquatic organisms and is important for water supply, transportation, agricultural and industrial activities. This study aims at evaluating the physico-chemical properties of mangrove water from the mangrove forest of Gbaramatu Kingdom Warri South West LGA, Delta State, Nigeria. The physical and chemical properties of the mangrove water sample were determined using standard methods of AOAC, APHA, and ASTM. Enumeration of total heterotrophic bacteria in the mangrove water sample was evaluated by colony‐forming units (CFU) method. Bacterial isolates were identified and characterized by colony and morphology characteristics, microscopic examinations and biochemical tests. The mangrove water demonstrated 33 °C, 8.3, 35.63 NTU, 23915.53 µS/cm, 2213.13 mg/L, 10411.99 mg/L, 38.40 mg/L, 18545.11 mg/L, 5.40 mg/L, 18.51 mg/L, and 52.00 mg/L mean value of temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, salinity, TH, TSS, TDS, DO, BOD, and COD, respectively. The concentration of total alkalinity, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphates, phosphate, and nitrate in the mangrove water were 142.15 mg/L, 110.05 mg/L, 349.97 mg/L, 78.05 mg/L, 1.50 mg/L, and 0.07 mg/L, respectively. The mangrove water sample contains high significant number of heterotrophic bacteria. The values of physical and chemical parameters in the mangrove water sample are above the recommended values by WHO for domestic use.
Phytochemicals, Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Composition of Aqueous Extracts of White and Red Onions Bulbs Abubakar, Ibrahim; Aliyu, Jabir Danyaya; Mohammed, Abdulganiyu Galadima; Ibrahim, Iklima Bandi; Sani, Said Said; Umar, Sanusi Farouq
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.465-472

Abstract

Onion bulbs have been consumed for foods and nutrition and management of many diseases including infections, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemicals, nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of the aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs. Analytical techniques AOAC and AAS were used in phytochemicals and proximate analysis and determination of minerals, heavy metals, determination of anti-nutrients content of the aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs. The findings showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, and anthraquinones in the aqueous extracts of red and white onions bulbs. The aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs contain significant (p < 0.05) amounts of moisture (89.68 and 87.04%), ash (3.22 and 2.03%), fiber (3.00 and 2.00%), carbohydrates (2.33 and 2.59%), proteins (3.19 and 1.04%), and crude lipids (1.22 and 2.66%), respectively. The aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) level of potassium (987.10 and 756.24 ppm), sodium (42.50 and 32.50 ppm), calcium (8.90 and 6.10 ppm), phosphorus (3.87 and 4.04 ppm), zinc (2.32 and 1.13 ppm), magnesium (1.85 and 1.12 ppm), iron (0.62 and 0.58 ppm), and copper (0.47 and 0.17 ppm), respectively. Low concentrations of nickel (0.112 and 0.524 ppm), lead (0.034 and 0.023 ppm), cadmium (0.029 and 0.014 ppm), and chromiun (0.090 and 0.032 ppm) were observed in the aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs contain, respectively. The aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs exhibited moderate and low amounts of cynogenic glycosides (3.00 and 12.46 mg/100g), saponins (2.02 and 2.07 mg/100g), oxalate (0.63 and 3.75 mg/100g), tannins (0.90 and 1.09 mg/100g), and phytate (0.38 and 1.49 mg/100g), respectively. The aqueous extracts of white and red onions bulbs contain various phytochemicals and significant amounts of important nutrients with trace quantity of certain heavy metals and anti-nutrients.
Co-Authors Abubakar, Ibrahim Aliyu, Jabir Danyaya Ibrahim, Iklima Bandi Okechi, Reuben Nwoye Sani, Said Said Udebuani, Angela Chika Umar, Sanusi Farouq