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All Journal METAL : Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering
Utami, Yovi
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Optimization of Polypropylene-Based Polymer Composites Fabrication Using Manual Forming for Automotive and Energy Applications Ansyari, Muhammad Fadhillah; Utami, Yovi
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i3.1453

Abstract

Polypropylene (PP)-based polymer composites are widely used in the automotive and energy industries due to their lightweight, strong, and corrosion-resistant properties. This study aims to optimize the fabrication process of polymer composites using the manual forming method, focusing on the effect of pressure and heating time on the material's mechanical properties. The materials used include polypropylene as the matrix and glass fibers as reinforcement. The process parameters varied include pressure (150–200 kgf/cm²) and heating time (10–20 minutes). Mechanical tests were conducted using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) for tensile testing and an Izod Impact Tester for impact testing, following ASTM D638 and ASTM D256 standards. The results show that optimal pressure and heating time produced specimens with an average tensile strength of 35.3 MPa and impact energy absorption of 0.45 Joules. Although close to industry standards, uneven pressure distribution and air voids affected material homogeneity. In conclusion, the manual forming method can improve the quality of polymer composites for industrial applications, but further process parameter optimization is required to enhance material consistency.
Tailored Polyurethane Composite Foams for Automotive and Biomedical Applications: Influence of Polyol–Isocyanate Ratios on Density, Texture, and Formation Time Ansyari, Muhammad Fadhillah; Utami, Yovi
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.9.2.89-101.2025

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) composite foams have gained significant attention in both the automotive and biomedical industries due to their lightweight structure, tunable mechanical properties, and excellent thermal and acoustic insulation. This study examines how varying the polyol–isocyanate ratio (1:1, 2:3, and 3:2) influences the physical characteristics of PU foams, particularly density, texture, and formation time. Using a batch mixing and molding process, three formulations were synthesized and evaluated. The foam with a 2:3 ratio produced a rigid structure (density: 0.045 g/cm³), suitable for automotive applications such as vibration dampening and structural interior panels. In contrast, the 3:2 ratio resulted in a soft, flexible foam (density: 0.047 g/cm³), which may be applicable in biomedical cushioning, prosthetics, or pressure-relieving supports. The 1:1 ratio generated a semi-rigid foam with the lowest density (0.032 g/cm³), indicating potential use in hybrid comfort–support systems. Formation times ranged from 7.18 to 15 minutes. The results demonstrate that the mechanical and physical properties of PU foams can be customized by adjusting the reactant ratios, enabling their application across multiple sectors. This study provides a foundational understanding of formulation–property relationships for PU composites and supports their integration into energy-efficient vehicles and human-centered biomedical devices.
Co-Authors Ansyari, Muhammad Fadhillah