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All Journal Asian Multidisciplinary Research Journal of Economy and Learning
Jody Yusuf
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences Other

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Use of Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (bDMARD) Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review of Side Effects and Immunological Mechanisms: English Jody Yusuf; Rofiq, Ainur; Sofyansyah Hermaya, Aditya; Dian Islami, M
Asian Multidisciplinary Research Journal of Economy and Learning Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : CV. ARGA FARMA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70471/y4mv8218

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (AR) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes symmetrical inflammation of small and large joints and other organs. AR treatment has evolved with the introduction of Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (bDMARD) that target specific immunological pathways in AR pathogenesis thereby increasing the effectiveness of therapy. The study aims to review the side effects of bDMARD and its immunological mechanisms. The method used was a literature review by searching for articles from scientific databases related to the side effects and immunological mechanisms of bDMARD in AR. Results suggest that bDMARD are effective in controlling inflammation and preventing joint damage, but have significant side effects, including an increased risk of serious infections such as tuberculosis reactivation and opportunistic infections such as shingles. In addition, there is a risk of malignancy, major cardiovascular events (MACE), gastrointestinal disorders, and hematological disorders such as neutropenia. The immunological mechanism of bDMARD involves inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, as well as suppression of T cell activation and B cells that play a role in AR inflammation. In conclusion, although bDMARD provide significant therapeutic benefits in AR treatment, monitoring side effects ensures long-term safety.
Community-Based Diabetes Mellitus Awareness and Blood Sugar Examination in Sukaraja Village, Medan City: English Jody Yusuf
Asian Multidisciplinary Research Journal of Economy and Learning Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : CV. ARGA FARMA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70471/zfrg7s08

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the degenerative diseases whose prevalence continues to increase globally, including in Indonesia, due to modern lifestyle changes. The 2023 Independent Community Service Program (KKN) was held in Ward VIII, Sukaraja Village, Medan City, with the aim of increasing public knowledge and awareness about DM. This activity includes counseling on the definition, risk factors, symptoms, and prevention of DM, which is complemented by checking blood sugar levels for the community. It includes an educational approach with presentations and PowerPoint posters to keep participants interested, as well as two-way interaction through question and answer sessions. A total of 50 participants participated in this activity, with high enthusiasm and active participation during the discussion. The results of fasting blood sugar checks during KKN activities showed that 31 out of 50 participants (62%) had blood sugar levels above 126 mg/dL, which is included in the abnormal category. These findings indicate a high risk of diabetes in the local community. Education and intervention regarding a healthy lifestyle and regular check-ups are important steps to prevent and manage diabetes. The activity showed an increase in public understanding of DM, which was characterized by positive feedback during counseling and examination sessions. During the implementation of PowerPoint presentations on diabetes in KKN activities, some technical glitches may appear, such as hardware problems on laptops or projectors, PowerPoint files that do not open, or internet connection glitches if the material relies on online sources. Based on the evaluation, the program emphasizes the importance of continuous health education and cross-sector collaboration to increase public awareness of DM and other degenerative diseases. 
Co-Authors Ainur Rofiq Dian Islami, M Sofyansyah Hermaya, Aditya