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All Journal INFOKUM Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains
Apda Eriansyah
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Computer Science & IT

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An Optimal Effect Of Overload And Unbalanced Load On Transformer Lifetime In 20kv Distribution Substation Rian Trinobeth Purba; Apda Eriansyah; Alfiansyah, Alfiansyah; Krisyanto Satria Habeahan; Solly Aryza
INFOKUM Vol. 13 No. 01 (2025): Infokum
Publisher : Sean Institute

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This study aims to analyze the effect of overload and load imbalance on the service life of transformers in 20 kV distribution substations. Distribution transformers function vitally in the power distribution system, but often face problems such as overload and load imbalance that can affect their performance. The research method used is a quantitative approach with field measurements, focusing on evaluating transformer loading conditions. The measurement results show that the transformer operates at an overload with a loading percentage reaching 109.8%, and a load imbalance of 19.16%. These findings indicate that these conditions can cause an increase in operating temperature, damage insulation, and shorten the life of the transformer. The combination of overload and load imbalance accelerates transformer damage and reduces its reliability, which ultimately has a negative impact on the continuity of electricity supply to consumers. This study recommends the importance of effective load monitoring and management to maintain transformer performance and improve the quality of electricity supply. The results of this study are expected to provide insight for distribution system managers in an effort to improve the efficiency and operational reliability of distribution transformers.
Performance Study of OCR (Over Current Relay) and GFR (Ground Fault Relay) Relays as Protection In 20 Kv Cubicles in Selayang GH PT. PLN UP2D North Sumatra Apda Eriansyah; Parlin Siagian; Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar
Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Vol. 16 No. 02 (2026): Info sains, 2026
Publisher : SEAN Institute

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Abstract

Power system protection is crucial for maintaining energy distribution reliability. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Over Current Relay (OCR) and Ground Fault Relay (GFR) as protection systems in 20 kV cubicles at Selayang Switching Station (GH) PT PLN UP2D North Sumatra. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with an engineering case study approach. Data were collected through field observations, short-circuit fault current calculations, and physical testing using the Omicron CMC 353 secondary current injection tool. The results show that the maximum short-circuit fault current of 14.4 kA is still below the circuit breaker's breaking capacity of 16 kA. The pick-up current settings on feeders SLY 05, SLY 06, and SLY 07 met the sensitivity criterion (1.2 x Imax), and the time coordination (grading margin) between protection devices was within the ideal range of 0.25 to 0.5 seconds. Validation through injection testing showed high accuracy with an average operating time deviation of less than 10% according to PLN standards. The conclusion of this study confirms that the protection system at GH Selayang operates efficiently, precisely, and reliably in securing network assets and ensuring the continuity of electricity supply.
Co-Authors Alfiansyah Alfiansyah Krisyanto Satria Habeahan Parlin Siagian Rahmaniar Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar Rian Trinobeth Purba