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All Journal Paramacitra : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching
Panjaitan, Rosinta
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Humanities Education Other

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Journal : ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching

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First language interference on EFL learners’ speaking ability at the higher education level Panjaitan, Rosinta; Seinsiani, Izzati Gemi
ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching Vol. 14 No. Special Issue (2025): ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/elt.v14iSpecial Issue.28766

Abstract

This research examines the influence of first language (L1) interference on the speaking ability of Indonesian EFL learners at the higher education level, focusing on English Education students. Using a mixed method approach, data were gathered through questionnaires (closed-ended and open-ended) and semi-structured interviews with intermediate-level learners in English. The findings identify two dominant forms of L1 interference: grammatical and phonological. Grammatical interference involves the transfer of Indonesian sentence structures and tense usage into English, while phonological interference appears in the mispronunciation of unfamiliar English sounds. Four key factors contribute to this interference: linguistic background, proficiency level, psychological barriers, and learning strategies. The interference significantly hinders both accuracy and fluency, often due to mental translation habits, lack of confidence, and overreliance on grammar-based instruction. The study concludes that L1 interference is a complex issue requiring communicative, confidence-oriented teaching methods and greater exposure to authentic English use. This insight offers practical implications such as the implementation of short lessons that give EFL students space to study or practice without pressure so that they can improve their English as a foreign language skill.
Co-Authors Erna Setyowati Fitri Wulansari, Rizaro Nggeradepas, Juvento Kelly Seinsiani, Izzati Gemi Siti Nur Aisyah