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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Lumogdang, Leonel
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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TAXONOMIC DESCRIPTION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DILLENIA sp. AGAINST ESCHERICHIA coli Martina, Shiena Mae; Cabalquinto, Gene Patrish; Lumogdang, Leonel
BIOTROPIA Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): BIOTROPIA Vol. 31 No. 3 December 2024
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2024.31.3.2320

Abstract

Article Highlights- The study first reported taxonomic study of Dillenia sp. in Malita, Davao, Occidental Philippines. - This is the first reported findings of the bacterial activity of the bark extract of Dillenia sp. against Escherichia coli. AbstractThe study aimed to provide a taxonomic description of Dillenia sp. and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli). The taxonomic description was characterized using the taxonomic keys and field guides. The antibacterial activity of Dillenia sp. was screened using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay. Taxonomic description confirms Dillenia sp. to be an angiosperm flowering seed plant native to the Philippines, characterized by its round-shaped growth and evergreen foliage. The antibacterial activity of Dillenia sp. bark extracts against E. coli were assessed using different concentrations (100 ppm, 500 ppm, and 1000 ppm) and extraction solvents (ethanolic, aqueous, and decoction). There are significant differences in the antibacterial activity observed among treatments within the decoction extracts, indicating varying effects on antibacterial activity. Post-hoc analysis revealed that concentrations of 100 ppm and 500 ppm were significantly more effective in inhibiting bacterial growth compared to 1000 ppm within the Decoction treatment. Each treatment showed distinct patterns of antibacterial activity, with ethanolic and aqueous extracts displaying relatively consistent activity across different concentrations, while the decoction extract exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. The study provides evidence of the antibacterial potential of Dillenia sp. bark extracts against Escherichia coli, with implications for further research and potential practical applications in combating bacterial infections. Recommendations include exploring different lower concentration ranges, considering different treatment formulations, investigating combination treatments, and assessing antimicrobial mechanisms to enhance efficacy and guide the development of novel antibacterial strategies.
CYTOTOXICITY AND FUNCTIONAL GROUPS ANALYSIS IN THE RIGHT-WING OF Musca domestica Osabel, Rommel; J. Domingo, Princess; R. Guroalim, Jea Farida; Lumogdang, Leonel
BIOTROPIA Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): BIOTROPIA Vol. 33 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2026.33.1.2455

Abstract

ARTICLE HIGLIGHTS- Studies on Musca domestica secondary metabolites remain limited.- BSLA results showed significant cytotoxicity in all extracts (aqueous, ethanolic, and 50:50 aqueous–ethanolic).- Extracts contained amides, alcohols, amines, and alkenes.- Amides and alkenes may contribute to cytotoxic activity.- The right wing of the housefly shows potential for future bioactive compound and drug discovery studies.ABSTRACTThe housefly (Musca domestica) is a disease vector, yet its survival in pathogenic environments suggests an effective innate immune system. The right wing, often overlooked, is hypothesized to serve as a reservoir for secondary metabolites and has been shown to inhibit pathogen colonization. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity and identify functional groups in the right wing of M. domestica to elucidate their significance. Three extracts (aqueous, ethanolic, and 50:50 aqueous-ethanolic) were tested using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity screening. The BSLA results showed that all three extracts were toxic after 24 hours, with the aqueous extract exhibiting the highest toxicity value, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed on the most toxic-the aqueous extract-and confirmed the presence of amide, alcohol, amine, and alkene functional groups. The presence of these groups supports the existence of previously isolated bioactive compounds in the right wing, such as antimicrobial peptides and 1-lysophosphatidylethanolamine. These functional groups, particularly amides and alkenes, are known to enhance cytotoxicity. In conclusion, the right wing of M. domestica is a potential bioactive source for drug discovery, with its extracts proving cytotoxic and containing key functional groups. For further study, comparative analyses across different maturity stages of M. domestica are recommended to determine the most suitable stage for medicinal use.
Co-Authors Cabalquinto, Gene Patrish J. Domingo, Princess Martina, Shiena Mae Osabel, Rommel R. Guroalim, Jea Farida