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All Journal Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
Durojaiye, Abiola
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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Haematological Profile and Serum Biochemistry of Juvenile Clarias gariepinus as Biomarkers of Textile Wastewater Toxicity Durojaiye, Abiola; Ojetayo, Teslim Asafe; Adedeji, Helen Oluwaseun
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 26, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfs.81962

Abstract

Pollution is a global problem with hazardous consequences especially on the biotic components of the aquatic ecosystem. Blood is a useful tool in diagnosing the health condition of fish. Hence, the aim of this project was to evaluate the effect of textile wastewater on fish blood. Fish were exposed to varying concentrations of textile wastewater for 96 hours. There were four treatments including the control and others containing 0.0005 ppm, 0.002 ppm and 0.035 ppm of textile wastewater per every 35 litres of freshwater. Each treatment had one replicate with 5 fish stocked in each replicate. The textile effluent significantly reduced (p<0.05) red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HGB), and white blood cell (WBC) in the other treatments compared to the control. However, the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were not statistically different (p>0.05) from the control. There was a significant reduction in the value of serum metabolites (total protein, globulin, glucose) of juvenile C. gariepinus after exposure to textile effluent (p<0.05). Urea, albumin, and cholesterol increased significantly (p<0.05). However, creatinine did not follow any specific trend across the treatments. The activities of Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alkaline transaminase (ALT) were significantly higher in the exposed fish compared to the control (p<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) recorded a significantly higher value in the control compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of both Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) of fish exposed to textile effluent (p>0.05). The result revealed that the textile wastewater adversely affected the blood components of the exposed fish. It can be concluded that the presence of textile wastewater in aquatic environments could induce stress and consequently deteriorate the health of aquatic organisms.
Effect of antibiotics on gut microbiome diversity in Clarias gariepinus from commercial hatcheries Durojaiye, Abiola; Sule, S.O; Oyetunji, O.T; Badewa, M.O
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 12: No. 1 (April, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v1i1.10232

Abstract

The study investigated the effects of antibiotics on gut microbiome diversity in fish (Clarias gariepinus). Total aerobic count (TAC), total coliform count (TCC) and total fungal count (TFC) of gut contents were determined. Results revealed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) observed in the total aerobic and total coliform counts across the hatcheries. Using the Shannon and Simpson indices to measure variability in bacterial diversity among the hatcheries, TAC in hatcheries using antibiotics had greater diversity compared to hatcheries not using antibiotics while TCC where hatcheries not using antibiotics had higher diversity than the ones using antibiotics. This indicates that hatcheries where antibiotics were not used had higher microbial densities than hatcheries where antibiotics were used.  However, it was observed that fungi were completely absent as indicated in the total fungal counts. In hatcheries using antibiotics, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp and Salmonella spp were isolated while in hatcheries not using antibiotics, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp and Enterobacter spp were isolated. Sorensons coefficient indicated a slight overlap or similarity with a value of 0.667 among the bacterial communities in samples from farms using antibiotics and ones not using antibiotics. All the bacteria isolated belong to the phylum Proteobacteria. The study revealed that antibiotics had a slight effect on the diversity of the fish gut microbiome indicating that antibiotics are moderately used in fish hatcheries in Ijebu-Ode Region of Ogun State.Keywords: Antibiotics; Diversity; Gut Microbiome
Nutritional and microbial safety of common commercial aquafeeds sold in Ogun State, Nigeria Ojetayo, T.A; Durojaiye, Abiola; Bamidele, N.A; Omotehinse, O.M; Teluwo, S.I
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica: Jurnal Ilmu Perairan, Vol. 9: No. 3 (December, 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v9i3.7112

Abstract

The nutritional and microbial safety of fish feeds were investigated in this study. Commercially available fish feed brands (Eco-float, Skretting, Top-Feeds, Blue Crown) were procured from sales outlets in Ogun State, Nigeria. Moisture ranged from 8.15 to 8.82 and these values were not significantly different (p>0.05) except for Topfeed. Skretting had the highest crude protein value (48.49±0.03) while Ecofloat recorded the least value of 45.30±0.06 (p<0.05). The values obtained for crude fibre, crude fat, ash and carbohydrate were significantly different (p<0.05) across the sampled feeds. Crude fibre ranged from 4.31±0.04 in Ecofloat to 3.20±0.03 in Skretting. Skretting had the highest value recorded for crude fat (6.27±0.11) and ash (10.06±0.18) while Ecofloat had the least value of 1.29±0.00 and 8.01±0.17 respectively. Ecofloat had the highest value for carbohydrate (32.95±0.07), marginally followed by Topfeed (28.79±0.13) and Bluecrown (28.65±0.06) with Skretting recording the lowest value (23.55±0.38). The values for all the minerals analyzed were significantly different (p<0.05). Calcium had the highest values across the sampled feeds, followed by sodium while potassium recorded the lowest values. Tannin recorded the highest value amongst all the phytochemicals, followed by flavonoids and the least value was recorded for glycosides. Total aerobic count, total coliform count and total fungal count ranged from 1.61±0.01 to 3.53±0.0, 0.00±0.00 to 3.10±0.01 and 0.00±0.00 to 2.34±0.05 respectively. Isolated bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus, S. saprophyticus, Klebsiella spp, Bacillus spp and Escherichia coli. Fungi identified were Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus spp, Aspergillus flavus, Geotrichum spp and Saccharomyces spp. Hence, there is need for quality monitoring.Keywords: aquafeed safety, microbial risk, Nigeria
Assessment of antibiotics sensitivity of microbial isolates from fish hatcheries Durojaiye, Abiola; Olajuigbe, O O; Oramadike, C E; Ogunsanya, A K
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica: Jurnal Ilmu Perairan, Vol. 10: No. 3 (December, 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v10i3.10154

Abstract

The study assessed the antibiotics sensitivity of bacterial isolates from fish hatcheries. The result revealed that bacteria of public health importance were isolated, however, the TVC did not exceed 105 CFU/g. A total of 16 isolates were detected. Thirteen (13) antibiotics recorded over 50% resistance, with the highest resistance (100%) observed in amoxicillin clavulanate (AUG). Ofloxime (OFX), gentamycin(GN) and levofloxacin (LBC) recorded the lowest resistance of 18.75%, 37.5% and 43.75% respectively. Only these antibiotics with least recorded resistance had susceptibility ranging between 50% (LBC) and 68.75% (OFX). The overall average resistance of the isolates to antibiotics was 68.75%; susceptibility 26.67% and intermediate 4.58%. Isolates 15 showed the highest resistance of 100%, followed by isolates 12 and 10 with 93.33% and 93.33% resistance, respectively. Resistance range of 60% to 86.67% was observed in isolates 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 16 and 17. Isolates 3, 8 and 11 had resistance below 50% ranging between 26.67% and 46.67%. The highest multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) was observed in isolate 15 with MARI of 1. Isolates 10 and 12 had MARI of 0.93. This was followed in descending order by isolates 2 and 9 (0.86), isolate 5 (0.8), isolate 14 (0.73), isolates 6 and 7 (0.67) and isolates 4, 13, 16 and 17 (0.6). The least MARI recorded were observed in isolates 3 and 11 (0.47) and isolate 8 (0.27), respectively. The emergence of antibiotic resistance on fish farms in Ijebu-Ode region calls for public health intervention strategies.Keywords: antibiotic; fish health; isolates; resistance.
Co-Authors Adedeji, Helen Oluwaseun Badewa, M.O Bamidele, N.A Ogunsanya, A K Ojetayo, T.A Ojetayo, Teslim Asafe Olajuigbe, O O Omotehinse, O.M Oramadike, C E Oyetunji, O.T Sule, S.O Teluwo, S.I