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All Journal Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan LamLaj
Immanuel Given Bintang Andhiyo
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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KEBIJAKAN DAN TANTANGAN HUKUM DALAM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DI SEKTOR NIAGA ELEKTRONIK INDONESIA Immanuel Given Bintang Andhiyo
Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 8 No. 8 (2024): Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.3783/causa.v8i8.7650

Abstract

Perkembangan pesat e-commerce di Indonesia telah membawa berbagai manfaat ekonomi, namun juga menimbulkan tantangan signifikan terkait perlindungan konsumen. Hak-hak konsumen seperti hak atas informasi yang jelas, hak atas keamanan transaksi, dan perlindungan data pribadi sering kali terabaikan akibat celah regulasi, kelemahan pengawasan, dan rendahnya literasi digital masyarakat. Artikel ini mengkaji peran regulasi seperti Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK) dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 82 Tahun 2012 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik dalam melindungi konsumen, serta menganalisis kasus nyata seperti kebocoran data Tokopedia sebagai refleksi lemahnya perlindungan hukum di sektor ini. Dengan mengadopsi praktik terbaik dari negara-negara seperti Uni Eropa (GDPR) dan Australia (Australian Consumer Law), artikel ini memberikan rekomendasi strategis berupa pembentukan badan pengawas transaksi digital, penerapan teknologi blockchain untuk transparansi, serta harmonisasi hukum internasional untuk menangani transaksi lintas batas. Artikel ini menegaskan perlunya sinergi antara pemerintah, pelaku usaha, dan konsumen untuk menciptakan ekosistem e-commerce yang aman, adil, dan berkelanjutan.
Royalty Mechanism under Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 and the Fair Use Principle in Copyright Immanuel Given Bintang Andhiyo; Dwi Desy Yayi Tarina
Lambung Mangkurat Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Program magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32801/abc.v11i1.279

Abstract

Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 on the Management of Royalties for Copyrighted Songs and/or Music was enacted to safeguard the economic rights of creators through a centralized royalty management system administered by the National Collective Management Organization (LMKN). Existing studies on LMKN primarily emphasize institutional authority, collection mechanisms, and royalty distribution efficiency. This study offers a novel perspective by introducing and conceptualizing the dissenting right as a critical yet overlooked dimension within Indonesia’s royalty governance framework. This research argues that the flat-fee royalty mechanism mandated by the regulation produces substantive injustice by disregarding actual usage intensity and by coercively imposing royalties even where creators explicitly decline economic remuneration. Such practices undermine the individualized nature of copyright as a personal and proprietary right. Moreover, the extension of royalty obligations to commercial establishments where music serves merely as a supporting element, rather than a core commercial commodity, further disrupts the balance between copyright protection and public interest. Using a normative juridical approach, this study demonstrates that the absence of a dissenting right within the LMKN system reflects a structural imbalance that weakens creators’ autonomy over their own works. The research proposes the integration of the fair use principle as a complementary regulatory mechanism to operationalize the dissenting right, allowing limited non-prejudicial use of works without mandatory royalty payment. This integration constitutes the primary novelty of the study, offering an alternative regulatory model that is more proportional, creator-centered, and responsive to diverse modes of music utilization, while preserving equilibrium between economic rights protection and public access.
Co-Authors Dwi Desy Yayi Tarina