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All Journal Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Ritthimon, Wanchalerm
Unknown Affiliation
Health Professions Public Health

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A Qualitative Exploration of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices Among Karen Ethnicity Mothers in Northern Thailand Remote Rural Areas Ritthimon, Wanchalerm; Thongprachum, Aksara; Wungrath, Jukkrit
Kesmas Vol. 18, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Low exclusive breastfeeding rates among the Karen ethnic group in Northern Thailand's remote rural areas underscore the need to understand knowledge, attitudes, and social support to develop targeted interventions. This qualitative study examined exclusive breastfeeding practices and the factors influencing breastfeeding behavior among 14 Karen Ethnicity Mothers (KEMs) in Northern Thailand. A structured interview was used to collect the data, a triangular method to determine the data's validity, and a content analysis method to examine the data revealed seven themes and 14 subthemes. This study identified three key factors for successful breastfeeding: self-motivation, social support, and effective problem management, which included overcoming the family's anti-breastfeeding beliefs. Conversely, unsuccessful breastfeeding stemmed from four issues: inadequate maternal knowledge and misconceptions, family beliefs and culture, maternal health problems, and economic constraints. Therefore, the success of breastfeeding was heavily influenced by both personal and environmental factors. As a result, every KEM should be encouraged to recognize the importance of breastfeeding and to exclusively breastfeed for at least six months, especially those living in remote rural areas and have a different way of life than the natives.
Home Births Among Ethnic Minority Communities in Bokeo Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic Wungrath, Jukkrit; Sriwongphan, Rungrasami; Kapheak, Krissana; Ritthimon, Wanchalerm
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Home births among ethnic minorities in developing countries pose significant risks to maternal and neonatal health. In Lao PDR, the government has taken steps to manage home births through training traditional birth attendants, improving transportation, and establishing referral systems. However, high home birth rates in regions like Bokeo remain concerning. This review emphasized the need for more skilled birth attendants and better access to emergency obstetric care in rural, ethnic minority areas. This review used 40 articles published between 2000 and 2023 and highlighted gaps in research regarding healthcare access, cultural practices, socioeconomic barriers, and the role of traditional birth attendants. Suggested strategies included scholarships for midwifery training, expanding telemedicine, enhancing emergency transport, and partnering with NGOs for culturally sensitive outreach. Although each strategy has limitations, collectively, they can improve maternal and newborn health outcomes and reduce home birth risks. Addressing cultural beliefs and preferences is essential to encourage healthcare use, and community engagement plays a key role in promoting safer birth practices while respecting traditions. A holistic approach combining skilled healthcare, cultural sensitivity, and accessible services is crucial to improving maternal and newborn care in ethnic minority communities in Lao PDR.
Co-Authors Kapheak, Krissana Sriwongphan, Rungrasami Thongprachum, Aksara Wungrath, Jukkrit