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All Journal Journal of Tropical Crop Science International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Anbes, Tilaye
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Assessment of seed quality and identifying sources of contaminants for maize seed across seed generations accessed through different seed source in Northwest Amhara. Anbes, Tilaye; Abebe, Dereje; Elmihun, Melkamu; Asredie, Semagn; Ewenetu, Wasihune; Chanie, Yematew
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 4 (2024): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i4.407

Abstract

Genetic purity is one of the quality criteria required for successful seed production of maize. In hybrid seed production, genetic purity can be contaminated by outcrossing from other varieties or events of inbreeding.  The objectives of the study are to clearly put sources of contaminants at each seed class level and suggest possible recommendations to maintain seed quality and to test the physical and physiological quality parameters of each seed classes. A multistage sampling technique was applied for this survey study. Total sample size of 160 households from all districts was interviewed and both qualitative and quantitative data was generated on constraints of hybrid maize production in western Amhara region. Filed inspection of maize seed production fields was done. Moreover, seed samples were collected from, company one, company two, company three and company four. Seed quality testing was carried out at Adet agricultural research center seed laboratory in 2021 for the collected samples. Mean percentages of quality parameters were computed and used for comparing the formal seed sources. The survey study indicated that maize seed production in the districts is constrained by a variety of related factors; the most important constraints are insufficient supply, delayed delivery, unavailability of preferred variety. The field inspection showed the presence of contaminants of maize seed at parental lines (inbred lines) and hybrid seed production. Seed samples of SC-22 parental lines collected from company two and company one showed standard germination of 30.25 and 76.5%, respectively. The laboratory test indicated that majority of seed samples from different seed sources met the minimum requirements for hybrid maize seed standards.
Effects of Lower Seed Rates and Seed Class on Seed Multiplication Ratio, Quality and Yield of (Hordium Distichous. L) Malt Barley Under Rain Fed Condition. Shibe, Belayneh; Anbes, Tilaye
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.418

Abstract

The average yield of barley in Ethiopia is lower (2.5 t ha-1), as compared to the genetic yield potential of the released varieties (4.0 t -5.0 t ha-1). This low productivity is due to several constraints such as delivery of small quantity, poor quality and lengthy newly released varieties of early generation seed. The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of seed rate and seed class on seed multiplication ratio, seed yield, and seed quality of malt barley at Debre Birhan from 2019 to 2020. An experiment consisted of a factorial combination of four seed rates (40, 60, 80, and 100) kgha-1 and three seed classes (breeder, pre-basic and basic) laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that seed rates were significantly different (P<0.05) on seed yield and, seed multiplication ratio. On the contrary, all seed quality parameters evaluated were not significantly affected by seed rates and seed classes of malt barley. The maximum (71) and minimum (39) seed multiplication ratio were recorded from the lower seed rate 40kgha-1 and the recommended seed rate 100kgha-1 respectively. On the other hand, the maximum (3960.90kgha-1) and minimum (2844.70kgha-1) seed yield were obtained from the recommended seed rate 100kgha-1 and lower seed rate 40kgha-1 respectively. However, 40kgha-1has 8.5% yield penalty as compared to the recommended rate in the study area. Hence, seed rate as low as 80 kgha-1 could be used at the three seed classes of malt barley with the integration of high input and intensive agronomic management in the Debre Birhan district during main rain season production. When seed shortage occurs, seed rates as low as 60 kgha-1 can be used at the three seed classes of malt barley to accelerate early generation seed supply with the integration of high input and intensive agronomic management in the same areas and production season
Maximizing Bulb Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Through Agronomic Management of Phosphorus Fertilizer and Transplanting Date Under Irrigation in Alaba, Ethiopia. Anbes, Tilaye; Worku, Walelign; Beshir, Hussien Mohammed
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 02 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.02.96-104

Abstract

Bulb yield and quality of the onion is constrained by a number of factors, including inappropriate transplanting age and poor fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the best transplanting date on quality, combined with phosphorus level, on onion yield of onion. The study was conducted at Alaba, Ethiopia, during 2018/19 season. The treatments consisted of four phosphorus levels, i.e., 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg.ha-1, and three transplanting dates, i.e., 42, 49 and 56 days, from sowing. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that transplanting date and phosphorus rate significantly affected bulb dry weight and marketable bulb yield which includes medium and large sized bulbs. Among these parameters, marketable bulb yield was also significantly affected by the interaction of transplanting date and phosphorus rate. In this study, onion fertilized with P at 60 kg.ha-1 transplanted at 56 days had the highest marketable bulb yield. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net benefit with the lowest cost of production was obtained from the application of P at 40 kg.ha-1 and the transplanting at 56 days. The marginal rate of return for this treatment was economically feasible for producing onion bulb in the districts.
Maximizing Seed Quality and Seed Yield of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Through Agronomic Management in Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia Derebe, Bitwoded; Assefa, Alemayehu; Abate, Alemu; Anbes, Tilaye
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 02 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.02.114-123

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the optimum seed rate and row spacing on Kekeba bread wheat seed yield and quality performance at Adet and Wonberema, Ethiopia. The study consists of field experiments that were conducted at Adet Research Center and Wonberema farmer’s field during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons, and laboratory experiments at the Seed Science Laboratory at Adet Research Centre. A factorial combination of eight seed rates (75, 100,125, 150, 175, 200, 225, and 250 kg.ha-1) and two-row spacing (20 cm and 30 cm) was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications, and laboratory experiment in a complete randomized design with four replications. The results showed that the interaction effect of seed rate and row spacing was significantly (P<0.05) affected seed yield but had non-significant (P>0.05) on physical quality, physiological, and seedling vigor. Seed rate and row spacing had a significant (P<0.05) effect on standard germination, speed of germination, vigor index-I, and vigor index-II, but a pure seed was not significantly affected by the main effects and interaction. Based on the economic analysis at Adet, the maximum seed yield (4.4 t.ha-1) was obtained from a seed rate of 125 kg.ha-1 with 20 cm row spacing, and at Wonberema the maximum seed yield (3.26 or 3.17 t.ha-1) were obtained from a seed rate of 150 or 125 kg.ha-1 with 30 cm row spacing. Therefore, a seed rate of 125 kg.ha-1 with 20 cm row spacing was recommended at Adet, and at Wonberema seed rates of 150 and 125 kg.ha-1 with 30 cm row spacing was recommended for high seed yield and quality seed production as the 1st and the 2nd options, respectively.
Co-Authors Abate, Alemu Abebe, Dereje Asredie, Semagn Assefa, Alemayehu Beshir, Hussien Mohammed Chanie, Yematew Derebe, Bitwoded Elmihun, Melkamu Ewenetu, Wasihune Shibe, Belayneh Worku, Walelign