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Approaches for identifying and managing publication bias in meta-analysis Fajar, Jonny
Deka in Medicine Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : PT. DEKA RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69863/dim.v1i1.1

Abstract

The consequences of publication bias in meta-analysis pose significant risks, potentially leading to erroneous conclusions within the meta-analytic framework. The objective of this article was to explore the methodologies for identifying publication bias and approaches for mitigating its effects. The techniques employed to detect publication bias can generally be distinguished into two major categories: graphical and statistical methodologies. Graphical approaches utilize techniques such as funnel plots and meta-plots, which visually depict the distribution of effect sizes and standard errors across studies. Statistical methods encompass various computations, including Fail-Safe N, rank correlation, Egger regression, tests for excess significance (TES), and selection models tailored for evaluating publication bias through quantitative analyses. The combination of these methods is recommended for a more comprehensive assessment, rather than relying on individual approaches. Methods for addressing publication bias include the trim and fill (T&F) method, Publication Error and True Effect Size Estimation (PET-PEESE) method, and the Weight-Function Model, each offering unique strategies for adjusting effect size estimates. The selection of these methods should consider the specific characteristics of the meta-analysis under consideration, ensuring the most appropriate approach is employed. Publication bias poses a significant risk in the field of meta-analysis, and selecting methods for its identification and mitigation requires comprehensive consideration
DEKA protocols for meta-analyses: Strengthening study transparency through a modified PRISMA approach Fajar, Jonny
Deka in Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : PT. DEKA RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69863/dim.2025.e669

Abstract

Meta-analysis has emerged as an increasingly vital method for synthesizing scientific evidence in support of data-driven decision-making. To maximize its contribution, meta-analysis manuscripts must be written in a systematic and informative manner. This article aims to provide a conceptual and technical guide on how to write a meta-analysis article that adheres to international scientific standards. In reporting meta-analyses, the title serves as a critical entry point for both readers and reviewers; therefore, it should clearly reflect the population, intervention, and outcome of interest, and include the phrase “a systematic review and meta-analysis” to facilitate indexing. An effective abstract should be concise and well-structured, encompassing the background, objective, methods, main findings, and conclusion, while maintaining clarity and self-sufficiency. The selection of keywords is equally important, as it significantly enhances article visibility in scientific databases; thus, the use of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is strongly encouraged. The introduction should present a logical framework that outlines the broader research issue and the specific covariates under analysis, along with clearly formulated objectives and hypotheses. The methods section must transparently describe the literature search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, study quality appraisal, and statistical approaches, all aligned with PRISMA guidelines. Results should be reported systematically, with attention to heterogeneity, publication bias, and consistency of effects. The discussion should synthesize findings in relation to existing literature and theory, address study limitations, and identify directions for future research. The conclusion should highlight the clinical or scientific relevance of the main findings and outline opportunities for future exploration. When written in accordance with proper structure and scholarly principles, a meta-analysis article can achieve strong academic value and broad contributions to science and clinical practice.