Azrianingsih , Rodiyati
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The Morphological characteristics of Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) in Timor-Leste and their correlation with the climatic conditions: Amorphophallus muelleri Blume in Timor-Leste de Deus da Cruz, Nice; Azrianingsih , Rodiyati; Ribeiro da Costa, Hermenegildo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.20

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is native to the forests of Timor-Leste, with cultivation starting in 2017. This study examined the morphological characteristics and nutrient content of porang from six gardens across Timor-Leste, assessing relationships with climatic factors. Various morphological traits and climate variables, including elevation, were measured. Nutrient analysis of porang tubers utilized chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques, while principal component analysis helped identify links between morphology, nutrient content, and abiotic factors. Despite some qualitative similarities, such as colour and leaf patterns, significant differences were noted in measurable traits. Findings indicated that environmental conditions significantly influenced porang growth. For instance, higher air humidity in the Bobonaro District positively affected plant height and canopy width. In contrast, elevated temperatures and soil conductivity in the Liquiça District influenced leaf venation. The Aileu District exhibited the highest bulbil abundance, while larger tubers were found in the Ermera District, which is at a higher elevation. The Manufahi District had rich organic carbon content, and porang in Manatuto, with higher soil pH, produced more bulbils. However, drought conditions in Manatuto led to moisture loss and partial tuber decay. The highest glucomannan concentration was found in tubers from Bobonaro (10.25%), followed by Liquiça (9.87%) and Ermera (9.81%). Overall, environmental factors like elevation, soil temperature, and humidity significantly impacted porang characteristics and yield.
Genetic Diversity of Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) in Malang, East Java based on Morphology and Molecular Markers (ITS2, trnL, and matK): Genetic Diversity of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume in Malang Nensy Marantika, Riza; Arumingtyas, Estri Laras; Azrianingsih , Rodiyati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.15.01.07

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) is an herbaceous plant belonging to the Araceae family that is distributed in Java, including the Malang region. This study aimed to determine the morphological and genetic variation of porang in the Malang region based on ITS2, trnL, and matK molecular markers. Porang samples were collected from seven populations in Malang district, i.e., Kasembon, Ngantang, Pujon, Dampit, Kalipare, Pagak, and Bantur. Observa-tions of porang included 27 morphological traits, and young leaves were ob-tained for DNA extraction. Then, ITS2, trnL, and matK were amplified using a specific primer pair. Morphological traits exhibited similarity in color, surface, shape, and petiole pattern, while differences were apparent in morphological size parameters. Porang petiole of all the populations in Malang is green with a white prismatic pattern and linear lines. The 438 bp ITS2 sequences con-tained 390 bp invariable sites and 48 bp variable sites, whereas the 555 bp trnL intron sequences consisted of 511 bp invariable sites and 44 bp variable sites, and the 738 bp matK sequences comprised 713 bp invariable sites and 25 bp variable sites. The ITS2 sequences of the seven porang populations had the highest number of variable sites compared with the trnL and matK sequences. The total number of haplotypes based on ITS2, trnL, and matK was 11, with a haplotype diversity value of 1.00. Haplotype 1–7 were A. muelleri, haplotype 8 was A. paeoniifolius, and haplotypes 9, 10, and 11 were A. bulbifer, A. konjac, and A. sumawongii, respectively (from Genbank). Fur-thermore, phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Neighbor Joining, and Maximum Parsimony based on the ITS2, trnL, and matK sequences showed consistent clades. Clade 1 comprises A. muelleri, which is divided into 3 subclades. Subclade 1 comprises Kasembon, Ngantang, Pagak, Dampit, subclade 2 comprises Kalipare and Pujon, and subclade 3 is Bantur. Clade 2 is A. bulbifer, and clade 3 consists of outgroups.