Aina, Destriananda Safa
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Pelindungan Lahan Pertanian: Studi Komparatif Sistem Administrasi Pertanahan di Indonesia dan India Aina, Destriananda Safa
Tunas Agraria Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Tunas Agraria
Publisher : Diploma IV Pertanahan Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31292/jta.v8i1.407

Abstract

Land is a vital element in food production, but its area continues to shrink due to land conversion and degradation. This research aims to analyze the comparative land administration in Indonesia and India, which is a world food producing country, using four land administration indicators, namely ownership, use, value and land registration. The research method is juridical-normative with a regulatory, comparative, and conceptual approach. In terms of land ownership, India has regulations that limit agricultural land ownership to farmers only, which has not been adopted in Indonesia. In terms of use, the second country prohibits the conversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes and imposes sanctions for violations. In this case, India offers a fairer scheme to protect farmers compared to India. However, in terms of land registration, Indonesia is superior because land certificates are considered strong evidence and provide legal certainty of ownership. While in India, the land registration system is still assumptive because it is not based on definitive documents such as land certificates.   Tanah adalah elemen vital dalam produksi pangan, namun luasnya terus menyusut akibat alih fungsi dan degradasi lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan administrasi pertanahan di Indonesia dan India yang merupakan negara penghasil pangan dunia dengan menggunakan empat indikator administrasi pertanahan, yaitu kepemilikan, penggunaan, nilai, dan pendaftaran tanah. Metode penelitian adalah yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, perbandingan, serta konseptual. Dalam aspek kepemilikan lahan, India memiliki regulasi yang membatasi kepemilikan tanah pertanian hanya bagi petani, yang belum diadopsi di Indonesia. Dari segi penggunaan, kedua negara melarang konversi lahan pertanian untuk tujuan non-pertanian dan menetapkan sanksi atas pelanggaran. Dalam hal kompensasi, India menawarkan skema yang lebih adil untuk melindungi petani dibandingkan dengan Indonesia. Namun, dalam hal pendaftaran tanah, Indonesia lebih unggul karena sertifikat tanah dianggap sebagai bukti yang kuat dan memberikan kepastian hukum atas kepemilikan. Sedangkan di India, sistem pendaftaran tanah masih bersifat asumtif karena tidak didasarkan pada dokumen definitif seperti sertifikat tanah.
Social Impact Assessment di Malaysia dan New South Wales, Australia: Pembelajaran bagi Pengaturan di Indonesia pada Masa Mendatang (Social Impact Assessment in Malaysia and New South Wales, Australia: Lessons for Future Regulation in Indonesia) Dewi, Anggita Mustika; Ginting, Albert Suprayogi; Aina, Destriananda Safa
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 33 No. 2: MEI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol33.iss2.art8

Abstract

The legal framework for land acquisition in Indonesia has not systematically integrated Social Impact Assessment (SIA), thus, protection against the social impacts of development has not been optimally implemented. Unlike Indonesia, which is still developing SIA regulations, Malaysia and New South Wales, Australia have implemented SIA in the land acquisition process for development. This research aims to analyze SIA regulations in these two jurisdictions and identify relevant norms for strengthening SIA regulations in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal study using a statute approach and a comparative approach. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively. The research findings indicate that strengthening SIA regulations in Indonesia requires a legal basis at the statutory level, making amendments to Law Number 2 of 2012 urgently necessary. These regulations also need to be supplemented with implementing regulations, such as Ministerial Regulations and SIA Guidelines, to further regulate the technical provisions for SIA implementation. These include the classification of projects that require SIA based on their social risk level, the implementation of SIA from the land acquisition planning stage, information provision mechanisms that combine public displays and digital platforms, diverse, inclusive, and meaningful public participation, and proportional, efficient, and risk-based monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. These findings provide a normative basis for developing SIA regulations to strengthen the protection of the rights of affected communities, particularly vulnerable groups and indigenous communities, in realizing more responsive, participatory, inclusive, and equitable land acquisition.