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Lumbantoruan, Chintya Sinar
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Preparation and Identification of Local Microorganisms (LMOs) using Lake Toba Water and Their Utilization for Plastic Biodegradation Lumbantoruan, Chintya Sinar; Misran, Erni; Masyithah, Zuhrina
Reaktor Volume 24 No.2 August 2024
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.24.2.41-51

Abstract

Local microorganisms (LMOs) are solutions made from anaerobic fermentation of sugar and complex carbohydrate sources using a local microorganism source medium. Generally, LMO solution possesses the potential to perform plastic biodegradation. This research aims to analyse the variation of the volume of Lake Toba water as a source of microorganisms in the preparation of LMO and to identify plastic degrading local microorganisms. The research steps consisted of making standard curves and growth curves, LMO preparation, testing the biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic, isolating microorganisms, performing biochemical test, testing the clear zone for plastic degrading microorganisms, and identifying microorganisms. LMO was made by mixing raw materials according to the ratio of Lake Toba water volume to substrate, namely 20:80 (% v/v); 30:70 (% v/v); and 40:60 (% v/v) which were fermented for 99 hours at 37 °C. The results showed that LMO pH before and after fermentation changed from 4.75; 4.9; and 4.94. to 3.46; 3.45; and 3.48. The decrease in pH was likely due to the activity of microorganisms that produce organic acids. The LDPE plastic degradation percentage of the resulting LMOs were 2.353% w/w; 3.012% w/w; and 4.023% w/w, respectively. For that reason, five microbe isolates obtained from fermentation of Lake Toba water volume to substrate ratio of 40:60 (% v/v) were further screened to validate their potential in degrading LDPE, which 2 isolates produced clear zones and identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp.
Utilization of Various Substrates by Bacillus megaterium for Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Synthesis: A Review Lumbantoruan, Chintya Sinar
Reaktor Volume 25 No.3 December 2025
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.25.3.%p

Abstract

The use of non-degradable plastics as packaging has led to significant environmental issues. Waste generated from non-degradable plastics is resistant to degradation and contributes to environmental pollution. The application of biodegradable plastics offers a potential solution to this problem. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is an environmentally friendly bioplastic that exhibits advantageous properties compared to conventional plastics. PHB is a thermoplastic polyester polymer that can be degraded by microorganisms. The synthesis of PHB can be achieved through three main routes: synthetic polymerization, genetic engineering, and microbial fermentation. This study aimed to determine the yield of PHB synthesized via batch microbial fermentation. The microorganism employed in this study was Bacillus megaterium, which utilized substrates such as cheese whey, sugarcane molasses, glucose, and glycerol as nutrient sources for PHB biosynthesis. The highest PHB yield, 8.29 g/L, was obtained when cheese whey was used as the substrate. These results indicate that cheese whey provides an excellent nutrient source for PHB production.
Co-Authors Misran, Erni Zuhrina Masyithah