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All Journal Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia
Ar. Husein, Muhammad
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Hibualamo as a Forum in Realizing Religious Moderation and Structuring the Social Life of the Tobelo Ethnic Community Saumur, Amanan Soleman; Tekka, Akbar; Masuku, Amyan; Abdullah, Wilda; Ilyas, Usman; Ar. Husein, Muhammad
Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology Vol 5, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : SAINTIS Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33122/ejeset.v5i2.323

Abstract

This research examines the role of Hibua Lamo as a forum in realizing religious moderation and structuring the social life of the Tobelo ethnic community. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants such as cultural figures, Islamic and Christian religious leaders, academics, and bureaucrats from Tobelo and Galela ethnicities. The analysis was conducted qualitatively and elaborated with relevant theories. The results show that the Hibua Lamo philosophy, which includes the values of O'Odora (unlimited love), O'Diai (mutual improvement), O'Adili (justice for all), O'Hayangi (mutual love), and O'Balihara (mutual care), is still strong in the lives of the Tobelo ethnic group. This philosophy has been the basis for religious moderation since the introduction of Islam, Protestant Christianity and Catholicism in Tobelo and Galela, which were accepted by custom and given room to grow. Even in one big family, these religions coexist. Hibua Lamo also became a reference in organizing the social life of modern Tobelo and Galela communities, by forming organizations according to the government structure in North Maluku. These organizations act as unifying symbols and customary symbols that strengthen the Tobelo and Galela ethnicities as the largest ethnic groups in the region.
Constitutional reforms and the balance of power: examining recent trends in strengthening democratic governance Ar. Husein, Muhammad; Bendar, Amin
JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia) Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Theraphy (IICET)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29210/020254690

Abstract

This article examines recent trends in constitutional reforms and their impact on the balance of power within democratic governance. Constitutional reforms play a crucial role in shaping the distribution of power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, aiming to enhance transparency, accountability, and the rule of law. The study explores various reforms implemented globally, highlighting their successes and challenges in strengthening democratic institutions. It particularly focuses on reforms aimed at curbing executive overreach, enhancing legislative oversight, and safeguarding judicial independence. By analyzing these reforms across different political contexts, the article provides a comprehensive overview of how constitutional changes can promote or hinder democratic governance. The findings indicate that while constitutional reforms can effectively balance power and prevent authoritarianism, their success largely depends on the specific political environment, the strength of democratic institutions, and the presence of a robust civil society. In countries with strong democratic traditions and active civil societies, reforms have been more successful in enhancing checks and balances and promoting transparency and accountability. Conversely, in contexts where political elites resist democratic changes or where institutions are weak, reforms may be co-opted to consolidate power and undermine democratic principles. The study also underscores the importance of involving civil society in the reform process to ensure inclusiveness and legitimacy. Overall, the article contributes to the understanding of constitutional reforms as tools for democratic consolidation, highlighting the need for careful design and implementation to achieve the desired outcomes. It suggests that future research should continue to explore the dynamics of constitutional change to develop more effective strategies for strengthening democratic governance worldwide.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Wilda BENDAR, AMIN ILYAS, USMAN Masuku, Amyan Saumur, Amanan Soleman Tekka, Akbar