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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Global Health research Bali Dermatology Venereology and Aesthetic Journal
Tjahjady, Mikhael
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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A dermatitis possibly due to contact with Cyanophyceae: a case report from a rural area in Indonesia Suvianto, Christa Adelia; Tjahjady, Mikhael; Clarissa, Fiani; Djohan, Putra Brillian
Bali Dermatology Venereology and Aesthetic Journal BDVAJ - Volume 8, Issue 1 (2025)
Publisher : Explorer Front

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/balidervenaesthj.v8i1.105

Abstract

Background: Diagnosing skin conditions can be challenging in resource-limited settings. Cyanophyceae, or blue-green algae, are found in water bodies worldwide and can lead to harmful algal blooms under specific conditions. East Nusa Tenggara, a province in eastern Indonesia, with its hot, dry climate and pristine waters, creates ideal conditions for these blooms. While dermatitis from Cyanophyceae exposure is rare, the potent biotoxins produced by these algae may cause skin reactions. This case report aimed to describe the dermatitis that was possibly caused by Cyanophyceae. Case description: A 22-year-old male from rural East Nusa Tenggara presented with pruritic papules, pustules, and vesicles on both arms for two days. The lesions began as erythematous papulo-vesicular formations and progressed to oozing and crusting shortly after he cleaned a neglected fish pond with algal blooms. The eruptions were confined to exposed areas of both arms. The patient reported no fever, cough, headache, or throat pain, and other physical findings were normal. After two weeks, the lesions improved significantly with topical mometasone furoate. The patient was educated on proper hand hygiene and avoiding similar allergens. Conclusion: Cyanophyceae can release biotoxins that may cause hypersensitivity reactions on human skin. In addition, the lipopolysaccharides found in their cell walls can also irritate human skin. Skin reactions vary and depend on factors such as individual susceptibility, cyanobacterial profile, toxin types and concentrations, and skin barrier disruption. Cyanophyceae can cause irritation and allergic responses.
Zinc Serum Levels as A Protective Factor in Type 2 Lepra Reaction in Patients with Leprosy in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Adelia Suvianto, Christa; Tjahjady, Mikhael
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No S6 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6iS6.4337

Abstract

Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, can lead to severe inflammatory reactions, known as type 2 reactions or erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Zinc, a crucial micronutrient for immune function, may influence the incidence of these reactions. This study investigates the relationship between serum zinc levels and the occurrence of type 2 reactions in leprosy patients in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Objective: To assess whether low serum zinc levels are associated with an increased risk of type 2 reactions in leprosy patients in East Nusa Tenggara.Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving leprosy patients at health centers and hospitals in East Nusa Tenggara. Serum zinc levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Patients were monitored for the development of type 2 reactions over a 12-month period. Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistical methods to explore associations between zinc deficiency and type 2 reactions. Results: The study found a significant association between low serum zinc levels and an increased risk of type 2 reactions. Patients with deficient zinc levels were more likely to experience severe inflammatory responses compared to those with normal zinc levels. Multivariate analysis confirmed that zinc deficiency was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of type 2 reactions. Conclusions: Zinc deficiency is linked to an increased risk of type 2 reactions in leprosy patients. Addressing zinc deficiency through supplementation could be an effective strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of these reactions. Incorporating zinc status assessments into leprosy management programs may improve patient outcomes and help control disease complications.
Co-Authors Adelia Suvianto, Christa Clarissa, Fiani Djohan, Putra Brillian Suvianto, Christa Adelia