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All Journal Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan (JEBIK) Justek : Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi
Hung, Chia-Yu
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Mathematics

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Institutional Interventions to Reduce Risks of Shallot Farmers in Bima Regency Hardinandar, Fajrin; Hung, Chia-Yu
Justek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Unversitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/justek.v7i4.29412

Abstract

Abstract:  The theory of market institutions emphasizes the Government's role in creating a healthy and competitive market structure, such as through policies that encourage market access diversification for farmers, strengthening farmers' bargaining position, and oversight of monopolistic or oligopolistic practices. However, most of the falling prices faced by shallot farmers in Bima Regency, one of the shallot production centers in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, stems from the pull and push forces between supply and demand at the national level. The weak Government intervention in market institutions exacerbates this problem. The laboratory experiment results showed that the probability of market failure risk faced by shallot farmers reaches 86% when no institutional intervention exists. This finding emphasized the urgency of the role of institutional intervention in reducing the risks faced by shallot farmers in Bima Regency. The lessons from this laboratory experiment also emphasized that institutional interventions through Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) and the formation of distributor clusters effectively reduce the risk of market failure farmer face. Meanwhile, the collective community power among farmers can be social capital to support the success of institutional interventions.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING CO2 CONTRIBUTION IN G20 COUNTRIES Hardinandar, Fajrin; Hung, Chia-Yu; Firmansyah, Firmansyah; Supriaman, Supriaman
Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan Vol 13, No 3 (2024): Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan (JEBIK)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, UNTAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jebik.v13i3.76161

Abstract

This research examines the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in G20 countries over 58 years, focusing on CO2 emissions. Using the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), the analysis accounts for heteroscedasticity in the observations. The findings reveal that industrial value-added per capita increases long-term emissions, whereas agricultural value-added per capita helps reduce emissions due to its environmentally friendly nature. Energy consumption significantly contributes to emissions, while urbanization exacerbates emissions in developing countries but tends to mitigate them in developed nations. A key insight is that GDP per capita in developing countries negatively impacts CO2 emissions in both the short and long term. In contrast, developed countries initially experienced rising emissions during industrialization but later reduced them by shifting to a service-based economy. It refers to the term "Dual-Path Emission Development", suggesting that developing countries do not necessarily have to follow the traditional EKC pattern of rising emissions before achieving reductions. This highlights the need for differentiated policies between developed and developing nations in addressing CO2 emissions.JEL: Q50, C22.
Co-Authors Firmansyah Firmansyah Hardinandar, Fajrin Supriaman Supriaman