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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Ali, Safaa Hussein
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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Sulfasalazine as a Corrosion Inhibitor on Carbon Steel Metal Surfaces in Acidic Media Using the Hydrogen Evolution Method: Experimental and Theoretical Studies Obaid, Hadi Thamer; Mutar, Muthanna Mahmood; Ali, Safaa Hussein
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.95852

Abstract

Current study designed to explore the anti-corrosion effect of 2-hydroxy-5-{(E)-[4-(pyridin-2ylsulfamoyl)phenyl]diazenyl} benzoic acid (sulfasalazine, SSZ) on carbon steel. 1 M of HCl solution used as an aggressive medium. The corrosion process was significantly inhibited by SSZ using simple, direct and accurate method (hydrogen evolution) to measure corrosion inhibition process. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with increasing the inhibitor SSZ concentration. Three different concentrations of the inhibitor SSZ (0.1 × 10−3, 0.5 × 10−3, and 1.0 × 10−3 M) were used in the corrosion experiment. Results showed a maximum inhibition efficiency (89.74%) achieved at the concentration of 1 × 10−3 M and the temperature of 308 K. The calculations of the hydrogen evolution method showed that the investigated SSZ acted as a mixed-type inhibitor. Adsorption of SSZ on the carbon steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The quantitative chemical parameters were calculated using density functional theory (DFT). In addition, full geometry optimizations were performed using DFT with B3LYP. The correlation between the theoretical and experimental results is discussed. The theoretical and experimental studies showed that SSZ is a good inhibitor as the maximum anti-corrosion activity was achieved at the highest concentration of the SSZ (1 × 10−3 M), and the lowest temperature used in the experiment.
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Analysis, DFT, and Computational/Anti-Corrosion Studies for New Azo Metal Complexes Jarallah, Hanadi Mahdi; Ali, Safaa Hussein
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.101069

Abstract

Two new azo-substituted ligands (L1 and L2) were synthesized in a two-step reaction involving condensation between diazonium salt and hydroxyanisole. L1 is (E)-2-(tert-butyl)-6-((4-chlorophenyl)diazenyl)-4-methoxyphenol, and L2 is (E)-2-((3-(tert-butyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl)benzoic acid. These ligands were employed to synthesize four new bidentate azo metal complexes [MCl2(Lx)] (x = 1 or 2, M = Ni(II) or Cu(II)). The prepared compounds were characterized using various structural analysis techniques, including IR, EI-mass, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results confirmed that the ligands coordinate to the metal ion in a bidentate manner through the nitrogen atom of the azo group, the deprotonated phenolic oxygen in the case of L1, and the carboxylic oxygen in the case of L2. A theoretical study was also performed to predict the chemical reactivity and stability of the prepared ligands and their metal complexes. A set of mathematical calculations was employed to describe the full geometry optimizations using density functional theory (DFT), including chemical hardness (η), electronic chemical potential (μ), and electronegativity (χ). The small energy gap calculated between the highest occupied molecular orbital and least unoccupied molecular orbital energies indicates charge transfer within the complexes. These computational calculations suggest that the title compounds are promising candidates as corrosion inhibitors.
Co-Authors Jarallah, Hanadi Mahdi Mutar, Muthanna Mahmood Obaid, Hadi Thamer