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All Journal G-Tech : Jurnal Teknologi Terapan
Ketut Sumada
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Engineering

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Study of Crystallization Process of Potassium Chloride (KCl) Solution with Ethanol Solution Selvia Sofi Yanti; Muhimatur Rosida; Ketut Sumada; Caecilia Pujiastuti; Suprihatin Suprihatin
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 1 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 1 January 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/gtech.v9i1.5628

Abstract

This study develops a method for producing KCl fertilizer from KCl waste generated during the industrial production of calcium oxide, with KCl concentrations in the wastewater ranging from 7-10%. The main objective of this research was to investigate the effect of ethanol concentration and crystallization time on pore diameter, KCl content, and the amount of product produced. The study was conducted in two stages: evaporation and crystallization. In the evaporation stage, the KCl waste was heated until it reached a saturated solution. In the crystallization stage, ethanol solution was added as an antisolvent to accelerate the crystallization process.KCl analysis results showed that increasing ethanol concentration and crystallization time led to higher K and Cl content in the final product. The highest K content was 79.55%, and the highest Cl content was 16.88%, achieved with 90% ethanol concentration and a crystallization time of 100 minutes. BET analysis indicated that as ethanol concentration increased, the resulting product size grew larger, leading to smaller pore diameters. At high ethanol concentrations, the KCl crystals formed lacked pores. SEM-EDX analysis revealed that the KCl crystals not only contained K and Cl but also other elements such as C, O, and Ca.
Formulation of Granular Fertilizer from Elephant Grass Ash and Urea with Tapioca Binder Yuriko Tiara; Meriska Diva Nadia Putri Amrulloh; Ketut Sumada
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 3 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 3 July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v9i3.7101

Abstract

Elephant grass remains underutilized, despite its ash containing high levels of potassium and its potential as a raw material for fertilizer production. This study aims to evaluate the effect of mixing ratios of elephant grass ash and urea with tapioca starch binder on fertilizer composition in accordance with quality standards, and to examine how binder concentration influences the characteristics of the resulting granules. The process began by burning elephant grass into charcoal, followed by ashing in a furnace at 600°C for 4 hours. The ash was then mixed with urea and tapioca starch at various compositions. The variables included urea additions of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, and 40% (w/w), and binder concentrations of 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% (w/w). The resulting granules were analyzed for N, P₂O₅, and K₂O content to determine the optimal formulation. The study found that granules with 20% urea met the standard of Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture Regulation No. 209/Kpts/SR.320/3/2018, while granules with 10% tapioca binder had the longest disintegration time at 413 minutes. This research contributes to the development of sustainable fertilizers derived from elephant grass biomass waste.
Production of Calcium-Ammonium-Phosphate (CAP) Multinutrient Fertilizer from Acetylene Gas Industry Waste and Phosphoric Acid Saudhia Aulizya Niswatul Khusna; Tri Andini Agustin; Ketut Sumada
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 4 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 4 October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v9i4.8086

Abstract

The increasing global demand for food has raised the need for effective fertilizers, while the depletion of conventional raw materials and industrial waste accumulation have become pressing issues. Acetylene gas industries generate large amounts of semi-solid lime waste containing calcium hydroxide, which is often disposed of without treatment, causing environmental problems. This study aims to utilize acetylene waste as a raw material for producing Calcium-Ammonium-Phosphate (CAP) multinutrient fertilizer through a precipitation method using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). The variables investigated include pH values (6,7,8,9,10) and waste mass (30,35,40,45,50 g). The resulting products were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The results indicate that the optimum pH to obtain the highest nutrient content of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) is pH 10. In addition, variations in the mass of acetylene industry solid waste were found the optimum condition was achieved at 30 g of waste, which provided the highest concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen. This research demonstrates the potential of acetylene industry waste as an alternative raw material for sustainable fertilizer production.
Co-Authors Caecilia Pujiastuti Meriska Diva Nadia Putri Amrulloh Muhimatur Rosida Saudhia Aulizya Niswatul Khusna Selvia Sofi Yanti Suprihatin Suprihatin Tri Andini Agustin Yuriko Tiara