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All Journal Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam
Ramadani
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Enforcing Laws Against Illegal Gold Mining through the Lens of Islamic Criminal Law: A Case Study of Jambur Tarutung Kotanopan Tagor Indra Mulia Lubis; Ramadani
Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Vol.10 No.2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam IAIN Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/ajmpi.v10i2.10270

Abstract

Illegal gold mining (pertambangan emas tanpa izin, PETI) in Jambur Tarutung, Kotanopan, presents complex legal, socio-economic, and environmental challenges. This study examines the enforcement of criminal law against illegal gold mining in the region and explores how Islamic criminal law can provide a complementary framework for addressing such issues. Using an empirical juridical approach, this research integrates normative analysis of relevant legal provisions - particularly Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining - with field data gathered through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving law enforcement officials, community leaders, religious scholars, and affected residents. Findings reveal that law enforcement remains largely ineffective due to weak supervision, limited institutional capacity, socio-political interference, and the dependence of local communities on illegal mining as an economic livelihood. From an Islamic criminal law perspective, these activities constitute jarimah ta?z?r involving fasad (corruption and destruction), warranting discretionary sanctions by the ulil amri that combine punitive and restorative measures. This study argues for an integrative enforcement model that merges positive law with maq??id al-shar??ah, emphasizing ecological restoration, community empowerment, and moral-spiritual reform. Such an approach promotes sustainable resource governance while fostering social justice and collective environmental responsibility.
Legitimacy of Sub-Minimum Sentencing in Narcotics Cases: An Analysis of Judicial Discretion from the Perspectives of Positive Law and Islamic Criminal Law Ahmad Farhan Jumain; Ramadani
Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Vol.11 No.1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam IAIN Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/ajmpi.v11i1.10932

Abstract

This article examines the legitimacy of sub-minimum sentencing in narcotics cases through a normative analysis of Indonesian Supreme Court Decision No. 4634 K/Pid.Sus/2023, which imposed a sentence below the statutory minimum prescribed under Article 112 of Law No. 35 of 2009. Employing a doctrinal legal method with comparative analysis and systematic literature review, the study evaluates judicial reasoning across the District Court, High Court, and Supreme Court levels. The findings indicate that, from the perspective of positive law, the decision potentially undermines the principles of legality and legal certainty due to the absence of a clear normative basis for departing from the mandatory minimum, thereby increasing the risk of sentencing disparity. Conversely, from the perspective of Islamic criminal law, the decision attains normative legitimacy within the framework of taʿzīr and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, particularly the protection of intellect (ḥifẓ al-ʿaql), which prioritizes proportionality and rehabilitative objectives for drug users. Nevertheless, this legitimacy is procedurally weakened by the lack of objective supporting evidence, notably a medical or clinical assessment as a prerequisite for judicial ijtihād. This article proposes an integrative model in the form of a minimum evidentiary checklist and mandatory clinical assessment to ensure that judicial discretion remains legally accountable while coherently reconciling substantive justice, legal certainty, and Islamic normative principles.
Co-Authors Ahmad Farhan Jumain Tagor Indra Mulia Lubis