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All Journal Emerging Science Journal
Baig, Mirza Farrukh
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Environmental Science

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A Comparative Study of Material and Structural Configurations in Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Syed, Fahmidul Huq; Thong, Li Wah; Baig, Mirza Farrukh; Chan, Yee Kit; Efzan, M. N. Ervina
Emerging Science Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-019

Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the energy harvesting performance of piezoelectric cantilever beams using three configurations—unimorph, bimorph, and stack—with two piezoelectric materials, PZT-5A and PVDF. The methodology involved a detailed analysis of voltage, mechanical power, and electrical power outputs across varying frequencies and load resistances. Experiments were conducted at the resonance frequencies of each beam configuration and material to determine their energy conversion efficiency. The results reveal that PZT-5A significantly outperformed PVDF, with PZT-5A's voltage output being up to 94% higher at resonance. Among the configurations, the bimorph beam with PZT-5A demonstrated the highest energy conversion efficiency, achieving a 50% increase in electrical power output compared to the unimorph configuration and a 9% improvement over the stack configuration. Load resistance analysis also indicated optimal energy harvesting in the range of 104 Ω to 105Ω. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive comparison of different materials and configurations, highlighting the critical role of structural design and material properties in optimizing piezoelectric energy harvesters for low-power applications. These findings provide valuable insights for improving the efficiency of piezoelectric devices in various practical applications. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-019 Full Text: PDF
Microstructural and Elemental Characterization of TPU/Jute CNFs Nanocomposites via FESEM and EDX Analysis Nordi, Siti Syazwani; Mhd Noor, Ervina Efzan; Abdul Kadir, Aeslina Binti; Baig, Mirza Farrukh
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-05-016

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the microstructural and elemental characteristics of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites reinforced with jute cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), with the objective of understanding the dispersion behavior and interfacial interactions within the polymer matrix. CNFs were extracted from jute fibers through a chemo-mechanical process involving alkaline treatment, acid hydrolysis, bleaching, and high-energy milling, followed by melt blending with TPU to fabricate nanocomposites at varying filler loadings (1–5 wt%). Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were employed to analyze the surface morphology and elemental distribution of the nanocomposites. The FESEM results revealed that uniform CNF dispersion was achieved up to 4 wt%, beyond which noticeable agglomeration occurred. EDX analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of CNFs and identified performance-enhancing elements such as Si, Ca, Na, and Al in the reinforcement phase. These findings suggest that CNF content strongly influences microstructure and bonding quality, which are key factors for mechanical performance. The novelty of this work lies in its exclusive focus on microstructural and elemental characterization—providing essential insight into filler distribution and matrix compatibility—offering a foundation for optimizing sustainable, high-performance TPU/CNF nanocomposites for advanced industrial applications.
Co-Authors Abdul Kadir, Aeslina Binti Chan, Yee Kit Efzan, M. N. Ervina Mhd Noor, Ervina Efzan Nordi, Siti Syazwani Syed, Fahmidul Huq Thong, Li Wah