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PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN INTERNASIONAL AKIBAT KERUGIAN DARI TABRAKAN SATELIT DI ANTARIKSA YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH DEORBIT Panjaitan, Edward ML; Tanggono, Sandy
Journal Justiciabelen (JJ) Vol 5, No 01 (2025): January
Publisher : Univeristas Suryakancana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35194/jj.v5i01.4884

Abstract

ABSTRAK Hukum antariksa berkembang secara signifikan semenjak konvensi pertamanya yang diterbitkan oleh Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa pada tahun 1967. Perkembangan hukum antariksa tidak hanya memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam hukum internasional, tetapi juga pada penerapannya. Salah satu penerapan hukum antariksa pada praktiknya adalah adanya satelit-satelit yang diluncurkan oleh negara pendaftar ke antariksa. Melalui perkembangan hukum antariksa yang ada melalui konvensi internasional tentang pertanggungjawaban di antariksa pada tahun 1972 salah satunya adalah mengenai benturan langsung satelit yang mengakibatkan kerugian nyata bagi negara pendaftar satelit. Melalui hal ini satelit yang diluncurkan ke antariksa oleh negara pendaftar haruslah dilakukan juga syarat untuk deorbit karena terdapat jangka waktu satelit sehingga tidak dapat difungsikan sebagaimana harusnya. Deorbit merupakan mekanisme satelit untuk dinonaktifkan karena alasan-alasan yang beragam dan dititikberatkan kepada fungsionalitas. Pengaturan mengenai deorbit harus dihidupkan dalam mekanisme peluncuran satelit untuk mereduksi kerugian-kerugian yang mungkin timbul. Fokus pembahasan dalam kasus ini adalah untuk menekankan seberapa pentingnya deorbit dalam mekanisme peluncuran pada hukum antariksa dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan kasus, maka dapat ditemukan bahwa deorbit adalah kebutuhan dalam pembaharuan hukum antariksa. ABSTRACTSpace law has developed significantly since its first convention was published by the United Nations in 1967. The development of space law has not only had a significant impact on international law, but also on its application. One application of space law in practice is the existence of satellites launched by registrant countries into space. Through the development of existing space law through the international convention on responsibility in outer space in 1972, one of which concerns direct satellite collisions which result in real losses for the country registering the satellite. Through this, satellites launched into space by the registering country must also be subject to deorbit requirements because there is a time period for the satellite so that it cannot function as it should. Deorbit is a mechanism for satellites to be deactivated for various reasons and the emphasis is on functionality. Arrangements regarding deorbit must be turned on in the satellite launch mechanism to reduce losses that may arise. The focus of the discussion in this case is to emphasize how important deorbit is in the launch mechanism in space law using normative juridical research methods. Through a legislative and case approach, it can be found that deorbit is a necessity in reforming space law.  
PENEGAKAN PROVINCE OF ALL MANKIND DALAM KOMERSIALISASI ANTARIKSA Pasaribu, Mia Gisella Kartika; Tanggono, Sandy
Honeste Vivere Vol 35 No 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55809/hv.v35i2.428

Abstract

The development of space law under the Space Agenda 2030 has undergone numerous phases and evaluations. Human rights are an inseparable part of international law that must be upheld. Space law and human rights must operate synergistically within a treaty. The need for a treaty to guarantee legal certainty within the limits of commercial activities in outer space is also part of the human rights concerns of space law. The commercialization of outer space has binding regulations, which can then give rise to potential human rights violations, particularly from the perspective of business competition by developing countries and/or environmental threats to human life. These issues should be the focus of space law, allowing for the creation of laws to fill the gaps and establish independent enforcement and oversight instruments for space activities. The Space Agenda 2030 is expected to serve as a forum for the international community to address issues affecting commercial space activities, leading to the creation of space law that effectively prioritizes human rights.