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All Journal International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development (JPH RECODE) Health Sciences International Journal
Salissou, Maibouge Tanko Mahamane
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VISUAL INSPECTION WITH ACETIC ACID POSITIVITY AND CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA DIAGNOSIS AMONG WOMEN IN ZIMBABWE: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY Chipenzi, Tanyaradzwa; Salissou, Maibouge Tanko Mahamane
Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Alam (FIKKIA), Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jphrecode.v8i2.57096

Abstract

Background: The burden of cervical cancer (CC) in Zimbabwe amount   to 19%.  Early detection is essential tools in fight against CC. Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIAC) and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) were commons screening tools for CC in Zimbabwe however their sensitivity and specificity are still questionable. At Cimas medical laboratory an increasing number of VIAC positivity was reported in recent years. Purpose: We tested if VIAC positivity can be a predictor of CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) diagnosis using LEEP histological analysis. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, for women aged 16-70 who underwent VIAC and LEEP histological analysis. CIN diagnosis was based on LEEP histological analysis findings. A chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between VIAC positivity and CIN diagnosis. 372 participants were included using stratified sampling. Results: Incidence of CIN diagnosis was 61.8%. Age group 38 to 48 showed the highest number of High Grade Cervical Intra Epithelial Lesion (HSIL) of 78(34%) and Low Grade Cervical Intra Epithelial Lesion (LSIL) of 30(13%). According to geographic location the highest number of CIN cases were observed in Gweru with 86 cases. A sensitivity of 88.1%, specificity of 93.8%, Negative Predictive Value of 100%and Positive predictive value of 96.64% were observed. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was the main risk factor in CIN and VIAC positive individuals. Conclusion: The incidence of CIN was higher than National rate; with HIV as major risk factors. There was a positive relationship between VIAC positivity and CIN diagnosis using LEEP histological analysis.
Risk factors of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals, 2023 – 2024 Chamunorwa Chikwengo, Ronald; Ifeanyi Obeagu, Emmanuel; Salissou, Maibouge Tanko Mahamane
Health Sciences International Journal Vol. 3 No. 2: August 2025
Publisher : Ananda - Health & Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71357/hsij.v3i1.67

Abstract

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common hematological finding during pregnancy, affecting approximately 7-12% of pregnancies globally. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women in Africa is around 10.23%. Specific data might be less readily available in Zimbabwe hence the present study Objective:This study aimed to determine the prevalence of thrombocytopenia and identify associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals(PGH) Method: The study used an analytical cross sectional design conducted   at the PGH Haematology Laboratory. Using purposive sampling we enrolled all pregnant women over 18 years of age receiving ANC at PGH, from June 2023 to June 2024 at PGH. Chi square test was used to test association between thrombocytopenia and various risk factor P < 0.05 was set as statistically significant Results: A total of 380 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 18.7%. Pregnant women In their majority were located in urban high-density areas (45%) and were young (18–25 years: 31% of cases). With regard to the disease   severity the severe thrombocytopenia peaked in the third trimester (55%), correlating with hypertensive disorders. Hypertension (OR=2.51, 95% CI=1.25–5.03, p=0.024) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA); OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.01–3.26, p=0.042) were significant predictors as well as age being lesser than 30 years old OR 0.27 CI (0.14-0.5), p=0.0001)       but gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) showed no association (OR=0.96, p=0.939) Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is a significant concern in pregnancy, particularly in early gestation, with mild cases dominating. IDA and high-density residency emerged as critical risk factors, while hematological biomarkers demonstrated predictive utility.
Diabetes Retinopathy Prevalence and Risk Factors among Diabetic Patients Seen at Highland Eye Clinic Mutare Zimbabwe: A Retrospective Study Tatenda Lewis, Musokeri; Mena, Wani; Salissou, Maibouge Tanko Mahamane
International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/ijihs.v10n2.2697

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its association with hypertension, age, gender, and fasting blood glucose level.Methods: This retrospective study assessed the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy with its associated risk factors on 135 diabetic patients, aged 18 years and above, visiting the Highland Eye Clinic Mutare, Zimbabwe. Data were collected on the age, sex, and type of retinopathy. Based on the identified retinopathy, subjects were divided into no retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic renopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy groups. Analysis were then performed using multivariate and univariate regression analyses to test the association between the presence of retinopathy and several risk factors, and results were presented in percentages, with P< 0.05  considered to show statistical significance.Results: The average age of the subjects this study was 60.8 ± 14 with female subjects constituted more than half of the total number of subjects (58.5%). Forty four percent were overweight (BMI 25-30), 34.8 % were obese, and the overall prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 31.1% (non-proliferative diabetic renopathy, 20%; proliferative renopathy, 11.1%). The proportion of subjects with retinopathy increased with duration of DM, being 23.3% in those with a DM duration of less than 10 years and 46.6% in those with a DM duration of more than 10 years. Age and hypertension were significantly associated with the presence of diabetic retinopathy (P< 0.05) in univariate analysis, but no association was identified between retinopathy and fasting blood glucose (chi-square test, P =0.0965)Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is high (31.1%), Non-proliferative DR is more common than the proliferative (DR). There is a strong association between diabetic retinopathy, hypertension, and age.
Co-Authors Chamunorwa Chikwengo, Ronald Chipenzi, Tanyaradzwa Ifeanyi Obeagu, Emmanuel Mena, Wani Tatenda Lewis, Musokeri