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All Journal JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Mandalika Journal of Medical and Health Studies
Ximenes, Domingos
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Kesadaran, Efikasi Diri, dan Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Berbasis Komunitas di Kalangan Lansia di Timor Leste Ximenes, Domingos
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v9i1.25623

Abstract

Lansia merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan, namun sering kali kesadaran terhadap pentingnya menjaga kesehatan masih rendah. Efikasi diri, yaitu keyakinan lansia terhadap kemampuan dalam menjaga kesehatan, juga mempengaruhi perilaku dalam mengakses layanan kesehatan. Keterbatasan aksesibilitas, terutama di daerah pedesaan, menjadi tantangan utama dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang memadai. Kesadaran lansia terhadap kesehatan dipengaruhi budaya dan agama. Adanya hubungan erat antara keyakinan spiritual, adat, dan kesehatan di kalangan lansia di Timor Leste. Banyak lansia yang percaya penyakit atau masalah kesehatan bisa disebabkan oleh gangguan roh leluhur atau pelanggaran terhadap adat. Dalam budaya animisme yang masih hidup di beberapa daerah, kesejahteraan fisik seseorang sering kali dipandang sebagai refleksi dari keharmonisan spiritual. Kepercayaan ini menganggap bahwa apabila seseorang tidak menghormati adat atau leluhur, hal itu bisa menyebabkan gangguan dalam hidup, termasuk dalam bentuk penyakit fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara terhadap lansia dan tenaga kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesadaran lansia terhadap kesehatan dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman pribadi, edukasi, dan dukungan sosial. Efikasi diri lansia bervariasi, lansia yang memiliki pengalaman positif cenderung lebih proaktif dalam memanfaatkan layanan kesehatan. Peningkatan kesadaran dan efikasi diri lansia dapat dicapai melalui program kesehatan berbasis komunitas yang terintegrasi dengan pendekatan edukasi dan sosial.
Awareness, Self-Efficacy, and Accessibility of Community-Based Healthcare Services Among Older Adults in Timor-Leste Ximenes, Domingos; G. Palancos, Jacqueline; Buli, Cicilia Nadya; Mergal, Beryl Ben; P. Mercado, Giovani; T. Salgueiro, Francisco
Mandalika Journal of Medical and Health Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Mandalika Journal of Medical and Health Studies
Publisher : Mandalika Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59613/mjmh.v3i2.380

Abstract

This study aimed to determine predictors of accessibility to community health services among older adults and to examine the relationship between knowledge, self-efficacy, and use of these services. A quantitative, descriptive-correlational, and cross-sectional research design was used. Participants were selected by probabilistic random sampling in identified communities to ensure representativeness. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed knowledge about available services, confidence in access to care, and perception of accessibility. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the levels of the main variables, while correlational, comparative, and regression analyses were applied to examine relationships, demographic differences, and predictive factors. The results indicated that knowledge and self-efficacy were significantly associated with accessibility to community health services. Higher levels of knowledge and greater self-efficacy correlated with a better perception of access to care. The selected demographic variables also showed significant differences in accessibility. Knowledge and self-efficacy emerged as significant predictors of accessibility to health services. The results of this study underscore the importance of strengthening health education, capacity-building strategies, and community interventions to improve equitable access to health services among older adults.
Co-Authors Buli, Cicilia Nadya G. Palancos, Jacqueline Mergal, Beryl Ben P. Mercado, Giovani T. Salgueiro, Francisco