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All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI)
Okselia, Anisza
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Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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Evaluation of 6 MV photon beam characteristics on Varian Clinac iX: a Monte Carlo study Manik, Josua Timotius; Okselia, Anisza; Junios, Junios; Margaretha, Angelica; Haryanto, Freddy
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 14, No 1: March 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v14.i1.pp227-234

Abstract

This work aims to study the characteristics of photon beams through phase space file (PSF) analysis using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. 6 MV photon beams from the Varian Clinac iX were simulated using PRIMO software. The beam parameters were validated by evaluating the percentage depth dose and dose profile. A full PSF was scored at the downstream end of the linear accelerator (LINAC) upper and lower parts and analyzed to determine the beam fluence profile, energy fluence profile, angular distribution, and spectral distribution. The results show that within PSF 1, the photon beam has an average scattering angle of 10.74° and a mean energy of 1.18 MeV. In PSF 2, the average scattering angle decreases to 2.63° while the mean energy increases to 1.50 MeV. The field size variation at 20×20, 30×30, and 40×40 cm2 affects both the angular and spectral distribution of the photon beam. The photon beam in PSF 2 exhibits an average scattering angle of 4.56, 6.31, and 6.66°, with corresponding mean energy values of 1.40, 1.32, and 1.30 MeV, respectively. These findings show that as the field size increases, the photon beam scatters at a larger angle while the energy decreases.
Validation of Varian Clinac iX Model on 6 MV Photon Beam Using Fast Monte Carlo Simulation Manik, Josua Timotius; Okselia, Anisza; Gaspersz, Daniel Gibbor; Haryanto, Freddy
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika Vol. 9 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jiteki.v9i4.27075

Abstract

Monte Carlo (MC) is widely recognized as the most accurate method for dosimetry analysis in radiotherapy due to its precision. However, successful MC dose calculation hinges upon the validation of the linac model employed in simulations. This study aims to verify the PRIMO model of the Varian Clinac iX and to determine the optimal initial electron energy. The comparison of one-dimensional dose distribution between simulations and measurements serves as the foundation for assessment. The Varian Clinac iX on 6 MV photon beam was meticulously modeled with the initial electron energies spanned from 5.2 to 5.8 MeV in increments of 0.2 MeV. The dose calculation were performed for a field size of 10 cm × 10 cm and a source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm. The Dose Planning Method (DPM) was adopted as the simulation engine for expedited MC simulation. A number of particle histories–approximately 4.0 × 108–were simulated, resulting in the generation of around 109 particles from the linac head. The investigation revealed that an initial electron energy of 5.8 MeV achieves good agreement with measurement by attaining the smallest difference in percentage depth dose (PDD) of about 0.98%. The lateral dose deviation of approximately 4.63% serves to validate the precision of the secondary collimator design. Additionally, a comparative analysis of DPM and PENELOPE for dose calculation was conducted. In contrast to the PENELOPE, the DPM speeds up simulation time by approximately 3.5 times, reduced statistical uncertainties to 0.59% and afford better accuracy in dose calculation. The result underscore the suitability of the PRIMO model for MC simulation for dose calculation, given its robust agreement with the measurements.
Co-Authors Freddy Haryanto Gaspersz, Daniel Gibbor Junios Junios MANIK, JOSUA TIMOTIUS Margaretha, Angelica